Continuous-wave solid-state dye laser

Bornemann, Rainer; Lemmer, Uli; Thiel, E.

doi:10.1364/ol.31.001669

Cited by 71 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Owing to this loss mechanism, there is no demonstration of true cw laser operation of solid-state dye lasers. There are however, reports on quasi-cw lasing using a disk-shaped dye-doped gain medium, which was rotated at a high speed to resemble the circulating flow of liquid dye lasers that continuously refreshes the chromophores exposed to the excitation beam [110,111]. Frequently used polymer hosts are MMA-based materials including poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) [112,113], copolymer compositions such as those of MMA with the monofunctional monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) [114][115][116][117][118] as well as of pentaerythritol tri-acrylate (PETA) with benzyl acrylate (BA) [86,87].…”

Section: Self-focusingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Grivas

Pollnau

2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

209

202

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Solid-state organic amplifiers and lasers are attractive for hybrid integration due to their compatibility with different material platforms, straightforward processing, and possibility to optimize easily their optical and electronic properties by molecular engineering. Advances in the gain medium design and synthesis in combination with new resonator architectures led to tremendous improvements in temporal and spectral properties, lifetime stability, gains produced and operating threshold powers, which triggered interest in their use for a broad range of integrated photonic applications. In this contribution, the current state-of-the-art in the field of organic solid-state amplifiers and lasers is reviewed from the aspects of fabrication technology, gain materials, and device performance. Furthermore, examples of the progress of this technology from a laboratory curiosity to one that demonstrates practical integrated photonic applications are highlighted. An outlook is also provided on research areas and applications that are likely to shape further developments of this technology. (Figure reprinted from [296],

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Section: Self-focusingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Grivas

Pollnau

2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

209

202

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Compared to other commercial multiwavelength laser sources, laser dyes offer noticeable advantages such as low cost, broad spectral coverage from ultraviolet to near-infrared by changing dyes, and high-average power pulsed dye laser operation. [6,7] But known solid-state (polymer) dye lasers, [6][7][8][9][10] as well as organic solvent-based dye lasers [4,11] require frequent replenishment of the rapidly degrading dye media. Use of organic solvents additionally poses disposal concerns and safety hazards due to the flammable nature of these solvents, which are generally used in large bulk quantities in dye lasers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13] Water is the preferred solvent. [10][11][12] Unfortunately, organic dyes form non-fluorescent or weakly fluorescent aggregates in water, [14] which has hitherto rendered laser applications impracticable. The method which we have now advanced to a technologically feasible stage involves deaggregation, stabilization, and efficient laser operation of dyes in aqueous solution by the inclusion into a discrete molecular container compound, cucurbit [7]uril (CB7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Encapsulation of Fluorescent Dyes Affords Efficient Narrow‐band Dye Laser Operation in Water

et al. 2010

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A water-based narrow-band high-efficiency dye laser was designed by means of a supramolecular host-guest chemical approach. The lasing characteristics of rhodamine B and sulforhodamine B (Kiton Red S) dyes in aqueous solution with the macrocyclic host cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) as additive were investigated in a narrow-band dye laser setup. Significant improvements in both photostability and thermo-optical properties of the aqueous CB7-complexed dye systems were observed as compared to the uncomplexed dyes in ethanol solution. The tuning curves for the new dye-CB7-water systems were constructed by measuring the laser output at different wavelengths, which showed similar peak efficiencies and red-shifted gains compared to the ethanolic solutions of the dyes, while dye laser operation revealed comparable pump threshold energies and slope efficiencies. The combined results render the dye-CB7-water system an attractive active medium for high-repetition rate dye laser operation.

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“…We obtained Λ = 280 ± 2 nm and a grating depth of d = 70 ± 5 nm from the SEM images, which are in perfect Since the discovery of organic solid-state lasers, [1][2][3][4][5][6] great efforts have been devoted to the development of continuous-wave (cw) lasing in organic materials, which include small molecules, oligomers, and polymers. [7][8][9][10] However, the operation of organic solid-state lasers under optical cw excitation or pulse excitation at a very high repetition rate (quasi-cw excitation) is extremely challenging. When organic fi lms are optically pumped under such conditions, accumulation of long-lived triplet excitons and charge carriers generally occurs, [11][12][13][14] resulting in an increased absorption loss by the triplet exciton formation and quenching of singlet excitons by triplet excitons (namely, singlet-triplet annihilation).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi‐Continuous‐Wave Organic Thin‐Film Distributed Feedback Laser

Sandanayaka

Yoshida

Inoue

et al. 2016

Advanced Optical Materials

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wileyonlinelibrary.com COMMUNICATIONoverlap between emission and triplet absorption in BN-PFO. [ 10 ] Therefore, the development of organic laser dyes with less spectral overlap between the excited-state absorption and emission is crucial for the realization of cw and quasi-cw lasing with low threshold.In our group, we have continuously investigated the optical and amplifi ed spontaneous emission (ASE) characteristics of many organic materials with the aim of realizing electrically pumped organic laser diodes. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Among them, 4,4′-bis[( Ncarbazole)styryl]biphenyl (BSBCz) is one of the most promising candidates because a vacuum-deposited fi lm of the host material 4,4′-bis( N -carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP) blended with 6 wt% BSBCz, the chemical structures of which are shown in Figure 1 a, possesses outstanding optical and ASE characteristics, such as a high photoluminescence quantum yield ( Φ PL ) of nearly 100% and short PL lifetime ( τ PL ) of about 1.0 ns, leading to a large radiative decay constant ( k r ) of about 10 9 s −1 and low ASE threshold energy of about 0.3 µJ cm −2 . [ 23,26 ] In this paper, we report quasi-cw surface-emitting lasing in a distributed feedback (DFB) device based on this BSBCz:CBP blend fi lm. In this laser device, we obtained the highest repetition rate (up to 8 MHz) and the lowest threshold (on the order of 0.25 µJ cm −2 ) ever reported for a quasi-cw laser based on organic thin-fi lm systems. The incorporation of triplet quenchers is not necessary in our blend fi lm because of its high Φ PL and no signifi cant spectral overlap between the emission and triplet absorption of BSBCz. [ 24 ] In a DFB structure, a laser oscillation takes place when the following Bragg condition is satisfi ed: mλ Bragg = 2 n eff Λ , where m is the order of diffraction, λ Bragg is the Bragg wavelength, n eff is the effective refractive index of the gain medium, and Λ is the period of the grating. [ 28,29 ] When considering a second-order mode ( m = 2), the grating period is calculated to be Λ = 280 nm using the reported n eff and λ Bragg for BSBCZ. [ 21,22 ] A grating with Λ = 280 nm provides surface-emitting lasing in a direction normal to the substrate plane as shown in Figure 1 b. Although a second-order grating typically leads to a higher lasing threshold compared to a fi rst-order grating, surface-emitting lasing using a second-order grating is suitable for the fabrication of electrically pumped organic laser diodes having an organic light-emitting diode structure showing the same surface emission. [ 30,31 ] Using electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching, such gratings were directly engraved onto silicon dioxide surfaces over a 5×5 mm 2 area. Figures 1 c,d shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of a representative grating fabricated in this study. We obtained Λ = 280 ± 2 nm and a grating depth of d = 70 ± 5 nm from the SEM images, which are in perfect Since the discovery of organic solid-state lasers, [1][2][3][4][5][6] great efforts have been devoted to th...

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Continuous-wave solid-state dye laser

Cited by 71 publications

References 8 publications

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Molecular Encapsulation of Fluorescent Dyes Affords Efficient Narrow‐band Dye Laser Operation in Water

Quasi‐Continuous‐Wave Organic Thin‐Film Distributed Feedback Laser

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