Continuous tandem on-line separation inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry selective determination of germanium in zinc electrolytic solutions

Mechanism of Germanium Adsorption by Iron Hydroxide Colloids during the Leaching Process of Secondary Zinc Oxide

“…In this study, the IRIS Intrepid II XSP inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer was employed for the determination of Ge content. , The model PHI nanoTOFII time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) was utilized to ascertain the composition of surface elements, surface compounds, and sample structure. , Additionally, the Thermo Talos F200X G2 transmission electron microscope (TEM) was employed for microstructural observation and compositional analysis of materials . The Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS90 nanoparticle size and zeta potential analyzer (DLS) was used to analyze the particle size and zeta potential of Fe­(OH) 3 colloids.…”

Atomic Spectrometry Update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption, and fluorescence spectrometry, and related techniques

“…The generation of hydrides from organic phases (xylene and IBMK) by the addition of borohydride in dimethylformamide-glacial acetic acid has been reported by two research groups. 192,193 The generation of the hydrides of Ag, Au, Cu and Zn from aqueous solution on reaction with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) has been reported 194 by Sturgeon and co-workers. The elements were detected by AAS with a quartz tube atomizer; losses during transport were minimized by using a short length of Teflon tube.…”

“…The SPE procedure was applied to the analysis of natural waters with no adjustment of pH for concentrations down to 50 ng l 21 . For the analysis of zinc electrolytic baths, 192 Ge was extracted as the tetrachloro complex into xylene. The hydride was generated directly from the organic phase by the addition of borohydride in dimethylformamide-glacial acetic acid and determined by ICP-AES.…”

Determination of trace amounts of germanium in food and fruit by spectrophotometry with p-methybenzeneazosalicylflurone

“…Several analytical techniques have been developed for the determination of trace amounts of germanium such as atomic absorption spectrometry (Yang and Zhang, 2002;Lo´pez-Garcı´a et al, 2005), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (Flo´rez Mene´ndez et al, 1999) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) (Guo and Guo, 1998;Shi et al, 2002), but some factors such as initial cost of the instrument, technical know-how, consumables and costly maintenance of equipment would make wide applicability difficult, particularly in a laboratory with limited budgets in developing countries, or for fieldwork. However, the spectrophotometric method is very widely employed for determining germanium in routine analysis due to its simplicity and relative cheapness (Nalini and Ramakrishna, 1996;Lin and Huang, 1997;Zhao et al, 1997).…”