Continuous polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarns: preparation and dry-drawing treatment for carbon nanofiber production

Xie, Zhigang; Niu, Haitao; Lin, Tong

doi:10.1039/c4ra16247a

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(46 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Electrospinning Nanofibers and Nanoyarns Nanofibers and nanoyarns were electrospun using a similar setup described in our previous work, 21 which was based off of a system designed by Xie et al 22 Briefly, as shown in Figures (1 and 2)(a, b), the electrospinning setup consisted of two high voltage power supplies (Gamma High Voltage Research, Ormond Beach, Florida), two syringe pumps (Harvard Apparatus, Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania), each equipped with a syringe and needle, and a copper funnel (Destilarias Eau.de.Vie, Portugal, diameter 120 mm). The high voltage power supplies were connected to the needle tips using alligator clips.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electrospinning processing variables on polyacrylonitrile nanoyarns

Levitt

Vallett

Dion

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With recent developments in the field of smart textiles, researchers have been working toward fabricating architectures of nanofibers, known as nanoyarns, which mimic the geometry of a conventional yarn. In doing so, one can leverage the unique properties of nanoscale fibers, including high surface‐to‐volume ratio and tunable porosity, for the development of smart garments. In the last 5 years, researchers have produced nanoyarns from a limited number of polymers, including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) and its co‐polymers. However, to our knowledge, there has been little research on the solution properties and electrospinning parameters needed to fabricate these higher‐order architectures from nonwoven mats. In this work, a modified electrospinning setup, enclosed in a humidity‐controlled chamber, was developed to fabricate nanoyarns for integration into knitted textiles. We fabricated nanofibers and nanoyarns from PAN/DMF solutions and conducted a systematic study to analyze the effect of solution conductivity, viscosity, and electrospinning parameters (applied voltage, collector distance, and humidity) on fiber and yarn fabrication and morphology. Polymer concentration had a significant effect on fibrous cone and yarn fabrication. Low polymer concentrations resulted in poor cone formation, whereas high concentration resulted in dense cones that were difficult to draw into nanoyarns. Overall, the matrix of electrospinning parameters that resulted in the formation of homogenous nanofiber mats was larger than that of nanoyarn formation. Nanoyarn formation required higher polymer concentration and/or applied voltage than nonwoven mat formation. The influence of these parameters on nanoyarn formation and fiber diameter can be used to expand the library of spinnable nanoyarns and optimize their properties for specific applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46404.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electrospinning processing variables on polyacrylonitrile nanoyarns

Levitt

Vallett

Dion

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the intensity of the diffraction peak of filaments became stronger with the increase of drawing ratios, especially at the 2θ angle of 21.6 , which indicated increase in crystallinities of filaments (as shown in Figure 13b). When postdrawing ratios increased, which meant larger tensile force was applied to filaments, more polymeric molecular chains in nanofibers could be more easily arranged regularly [33,34], the distance between adjacent molecular chains decreased at the same time, so more hydrogen bonds between molecular chains could be formed in nanofibers, indicating the amount of γ crystal increased [35,36]. In addition, some γ crystal could transform into α crystal under tensile force [37,38].…”

Section: Post-drawing Process Of As-spun Nanofiber Filamentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofiber Filaments Fabricated by a Liquid-Bath Electrospinning Method

Tian¹,

Yan²,

Li³

et al. 2018

Novel Aspects of Nanofibers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to investigate the forming process of multi-needle liquid-bath electrospun nanofiber filaments, nanofiber filaments were prepared using the multi-needle liquidbath electrospinning method in this chapter. The effect of auxiliary electrode on jet state, and bundling and drawing processes of nanofibers were studied. The results show that the forming process of nanofiber filaments was mainly influenced by electrostatic field interference, bundling process, and drawing process, including two processes: forming process of as-spun nanofiber filaments and post-drawing process. In the forming process of as-spun nanofiber filaments, when the auxiliary electrode was added, the electrostatic field interference between needles reduced, inducing the decrease of jet offsets and the enhancement of Taylor cone and jet stability, and nanofibers with skin-core structure were finally deposited on the bath in good condition. The bundling process of nanofiber filament was divided into three processes: wet process, wet-dry process, and dry process; the structure transformation of nanofiber filaments mainly occurred in the wet process. In the post-drawing process, the crystallinity and alignment degree of nanofibers increased, and nanofiber diameter decreased. The initial modulus and breaking stress of filaments increased while the breaking strain of filaments decreased. Finally, nanofiber filaments were produced with better structures and properties.

show abstract

“…More recently, researchers have developed modified electrospinning setups that form continuous, twisted nanofiber yarns in one system. 6,12,13,21–23 Ali et al . built a modified electrospinning setup in which nanofibers were spun onto a rotary funnel collector, twisted into yarns, and collected onto a yarn winding system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, researchers have developed modified electrospinning setups that form continuous, twisted nanofiber yarns in one system. 6,12,13,[21][22][23] Ali et al built a modified electrospinning setup in which nanofibers were spun onto a rotary funnel collector, twisted into yarns, and collected onto a yarn winding system. 7 The researchers studied the dependences of nanofiber and yarn diameters on several electrospinning parameters, including flow rate and applied voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of nanoyarn preparation by modified electrospinning setup

Levitt

Knittel

Vallett

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Higher ordered structures of nanofibers, including nanofiber-based yarns and cables, have a variety of potential applications, including wearable health monitoring systems, artificial tendons, and medical sutures. In this study, twisted assemblies of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE), and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers were fabricated via a modified electrospinning setup, consisting of a rotating cone-shaped copper collector, two syringe pumps, and two high voltage power supplies. The fiber diameters and twist angles varied as a function of the rotary speed of the collector. Mechanical testing of the yarns revealed that PVDF-TrFe and PCL yarns have a higher strain-to-failure than PAN yarns, reaching 307% for PCL nanoyarns. For the first time, the porosity of nanofiber yarns was studied as a function of twist angle, showing that PAN nanoyarns are more porous than PCL yarns.

show abstract

Continuous polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarns: preparation and dry-drawing treatment for carbon nanofiber production

Abstract: Drawing of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarns in dry conditions can significantly improve tensile strength as well as fiber and yarn quality.

Cited by 50 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of electrospinning processing variables on polyacrylonitrile nanoyarns

Effect of electrospinning processing variables on polyacrylonitrile nanoyarns

Nanofiber Filaments Fabricated by a Liquid-Bath Electrospinning Method

Investigation of nanoyarn preparation by modified electrospinning setup

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About