Investigation of nanoyarn preparation by modified electrospinning setup

Levitt, Ariana; Knittel, Chelsea E.; Vallett, Richard; Koerner, Michael R.; Dion, Geneviève; Schauer, Caroline L.

doi:10.1002/app.44813

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Levitt et al addressed tendon applications: they studied the changes in mechanical properties of nanofibrous yarns obtained by a funnel collector derived from Ali et al [ 178 ]. PCL, PAN and PVDF-TrFe yarns were produced at different funnel rotational speed and mechanically characterized, finding that PVDF-TrFe and PCL yarns have a higher failure strain than PAN yarns [ 105 ]. Pauly et al produced bundles of aligned and random nanofibers of PCL for ligament tissue engineering, by wrapping on a drum collector sections of the mats obtained.…”

Section: Applications For Tendon and Ligament Regeneration And Repmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofabrication of Electrospun Scaffolds for the Regeneration of Tendons and Ligaments

2018

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Tendon and ligament tissue regeneration and replacement are complex since scaffolds need to guarantee an adequate hierarchical structured morphology, and non-linear mechanical properties. Moreover, to guide the cells’ proliferation and tissue re-growth, scaffolds must provide a fibrous texture mimicking the typical of the arrangement of the collagen in the extracellular matrix of these tissues. Among the different techniques to produce scaffolds, electrospinning is one of the most promising, thanks to its ability to produce fibers of nanometric size. This manuscript aims to provide an overview to researchers approaching the field of repair and regeneration of tendons and ligaments. To clarify the general requirements of electrospun scaffolds, the first part of this manuscript presents a general overview concerning tendons’ and ligaments’ structure and mechanical properties. The different types of polymers, blends and particles most frequently used for tendon and ligament tissue engineering are summarized. Furthermore, the focus of the review is on describing the different possible electrospinning setups and processes to obtain different nanofibrous structures, such as mats, bundles, yarns and more complex hierarchical assemblies. Finally, an overview concerning how these technologies are exploited to produce electrospun scaffolds for tendon and ligament tissue applications is reported together with the main findings and outcomes.

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Section: Applications For Tendon and Ligament Regeneration And Repmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofabrication of Electrospun Scaffolds for the Regeneration of Tendons and Ligaments

2018

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“…Similar to these works described earlier [22,25,[44][45][46], Levitt et al used funnel-shaped rotating collector as well to produce twisted nanofiber yarns but by using three different polymers, namely, PVDF-TrFe (65/35%), PAN (15%), and PCL (10%), at funnel speeds of 500, 700, 900, and 1,100 rpm (Table 6m) [48]. As funnel speed was increased, the nanofiber yarns became finer when PAN and PCL were used, but, interestingly, they became coarser with PVDF-TrFe.…”

Section: It Should Be;mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Some other studies provide nominal twist level based on the calculation in conventional textile spinning or yarn surface twist angle [22,25,40]. Furthermore, some of the systems, such as Aslı et al [55], Li et al [43], Levitt et al [48], provide very limited data about yarn twisting mechanism, winding system, or winding speed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Path Towards to Success in Electrospun Nanofiber Yarn Production Since 1930’s: A Critical Review

Göktepe

Mülayim

2018

Autex Research Journal

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Direct conversion of nanofibers into a yarn formed by electrospinning has begun to draw attention recently while pioneering attempts in fact go back to 1930s. Once nanofiber yarns are spun successfully by electrospinning, obviously, this would open new gates for many different applications. However, this is still a challenging task and there is no system accepted universally yet. There are more than 20 different approaches available so far but with serious limitations. In this review, they were categorized as (i) systems for production of parallel bundle of nanofibers and (ii) systems for production of twisted nanofiber yarns, presenting potential applicability of each with a critical point of view. The results show that some of the attempts mainly present basic conceptual ideas only. There are some works to produce real twisted nanofiber yarns continuously while mainly funnel, disc, or ring collectors have been used as the twisting element. However, there is limited information regarding stability of spinning system or control of yarn properties. This review also analyses the technical properties of electrospun nanofiber yarns summarizing the available data in terms of yarn properties such as fiber fineness, twist, production speed, mechanical properties, polymer types, and other important parameters available.

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“…Nanofibers and nanoyarns were electrospun using a similar setup described in our previous work, which was based off of a system designed by Xie et al . Briefly, as shown in Figures (a, b), the electrospinning setup consisted of two high voltage power supplies (Gamma High Voltage Research, Ormond Beach, Florida), two syringe pumps (Harvard Apparatus, Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania), each equipped with a syringe and needle, and a copper funnel (Destilarias Eau.de.Vie, Portugal, diameter 120 mm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electrospinning processing variables on polyacrylonitrile nanoyarns

Levitt

Vallett

Dion

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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With recent developments in the field of smart textiles, researchers have been working toward fabricating architectures of nanofibers, known as nanoyarns, which mimic the geometry of a conventional yarn. In doing so, one can leverage the unique properties of nanoscale fibers, including high surface‐to‐volume ratio and tunable porosity, for the development of smart garments. In the last 5 years, researchers have produced nanoyarns from a limited number of polymers, including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) and its co‐polymers. However, to our knowledge, there has been little research on the solution properties and electrospinning parameters needed to fabricate these higher‐order architectures from nonwoven mats. In this work, a modified electrospinning setup, enclosed in a humidity‐controlled chamber, was developed to fabricate nanoyarns for integration into knitted textiles. We fabricated nanofibers and nanoyarns from PAN/DMF solutions and conducted a systematic study to analyze the effect of solution conductivity, viscosity, and electrospinning parameters (applied voltage, collector distance, and humidity) on fiber and yarn fabrication and morphology. Polymer concentration had a significant effect on fibrous cone and yarn fabrication. Low polymer concentrations resulted in poor cone formation, whereas high concentration resulted in dense cones that were difficult to draw into nanoyarns. Overall, the matrix of electrospinning parameters that resulted in the formation of homogenous nanofiber mats was larger than that of nanoyarn formation. Nanoyarn formation required higher polymer concentration and/or applied voltage than nonwoven mat formation. The influence of these parameters on nanoyarn formation and fiber diameter can be used to expand the library of spinnable nanoyarns and optimize their properties for specific applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46404.

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Investigation of nanoyarn preparation by modified electrospinning setup

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Biofabrication of Electrospun Scaffolds for the Regeneration of Tendons and Ligaments

Biofabrication of Electrospun Scaffolds for the Regeneration of Tendons and Ligaments

Long Path Towards to Success in Electrospun Nanofiber Yarn Production Since 1930’s: A Critical Review

Effect of electrospinning processing variables on polyacrylonitrile nanoyarns

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