Continuous phase viscosity influence on maximum diameters of poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) beads prepared by suspension polymerization

Jegat, Corinne; Bois, A.; Camps, M.

doi:10.1002/1099-0488(20010115)39:2<201::aid-polb20>3.0.co;2-o

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For the current study of the abnormal emulsions with PIB as the continuous phase, however, the viscosity of the emulsion is rather high, even for a low value of f d . There is some evidence that, with increasing viscosity of the continuous phase, the size of dispersed drops does not significantly vary, or may even be reduced. , It is speculated that, with a high continuous phase viscosity, the shear stress exerted on the dispersed water drops is sufficiently high to allow for an intensive drop deformation with subsequent inclusions. The internal oil droplets formed in the preinversion region are so small that they could not be further reduced under the high-intensity turbulence of the postinversion region and they maintain their identity in the postinversion structures when they are released to the continuous water phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Inversion in Abnormal O/W/O Emulsions. 2. Effect of Surfactant Hydrophilic−Lipophilic Balance

Sajjadi

Jahanzad

Yianneskis

et al. 2003

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The effect of surfactant hydrophilic−lipophilic balance (HLB) on the catastrophic phase inversion of an emulsion, and the internal structure of the drops, was studied by using a model abnormal O/W/O emulsion. The system was composed of polyisobutylene, water, and a mixture of a water-soluble and an oil-soluble surfactant. The abnormal O/W/O emulsions were made by gradual addition of water to the oil in the presence of surfactant until the catastrophic phase inversion to the corresponding normal O/W emulsions occurred. The presence of an oil-soluble component in the surfactant, even in a low quantity, enhanced the stability of the abnormal W/O emulsion. The phase inversion was slightly advanced, in terms of water volume fraction, with decreasing HLB. Some indication was found that as the optimum HLB was approached, the inclusion of continuous phase into the dispersed phase increased. The size of internal oil droplets, which were entrained in the multiple water drops, was largely reduced with decreasing HLB as the optimum formulation was approached. The size of multiple water drops, which are dispersed in the continuous oil phase, however, showed a considerably smaller decrease with decreasing HLB. When, at a fixed oil/water ratio, the HLB of the abnormal emulsion approached that of the optimum, the catastrophic phase inversion to a corresponding normal emulsion occurred, indicating that abnormal emulsions cannot exist in the vicinity of the locus of transitional inversion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Inversion in Abnormal O/W/O Emulsions. 2. Effect of Surfactant Hydrophilic−Lipophilic Balance

Sajjadi

Jahanzad

Yianneskis

et al. 2003

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…This is also indicated by the values of the Taylor number (Jegat et al, 2001). These indications have to be verified by the experimental data which must be consistent with the prevailing mechanism.…”

Section: Determination Of the Dispersion Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspension polymerisation of methyl methacrylate using ammonium polymethacrylate as a suspending agent

Georgiadou¹,

Brooks²

2006

Chemical Engineering Science

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Ammonium polymethacrylate (APMA) was used as a suspending agent for the suspension polymerisation of methyl methacrylate. Aqueous APMA solutions were found to exhibit non-Newtonian behaviour. Their high viscosity decreased with increasing pH. Experimental data for drop break up were in agreement with Taylor's theory of viscous shear break up. It was also found that APMA interferes with the polymerisation kinetics. ᭧

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“…When viscosity-increasing agents were present in the continuous phase for the suspension copolymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene, Jegat et al [41] found that drop breakage could occur via viscous shear when flow in the suspension was turbulent. In that case, the Kolmogorov length would have been larger that that found when low-viscosity aqueous solutions are used.…”

Section: Drop Breakage Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free‐Radical Polymerization: Suspension

Brooks¹

2005

Handbook of Polymer Reaction Engineering

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Continuous phase viscosity influence on maximum diameters of poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) beads prepared by suspension polymerization

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Phase Inversion in Abnormal O/W/O Emulsions. 2. Effect of Surfactant Hydrophilic−Lipophilic Balance

Phase Inversion in Abnormal O/W/O Emulsions. 2. Effect of Surfactant Hydrophilic−Lipophilic Balance

Suspension polymerisation of methyl methacrylate using ammonium polymethacrylate as a suspending agent

Free‐Radical Polymerization: Suspension

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