Continuous Lines of Basophil/Mast Cells Derived from Normal Mouse Bone Marrow

Nagao, Kazuharu; Yokoro, Kenjiro; Aaronson, Stuart A.

doi:10.1126/science.7209531

Cited by 150 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, some morphologically identifiable mast cells in the peritoneal cavity may function as the mast cell precursors. Since peritoneal mast cells appear to float in the fluid, the proliferative potentiality of some peritoneal mast cells reminds us of the suspension culture system of mast cell-like cells that has been devised in many laboratories (41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46). However, mitosis of peritoneal mast cells is seldom observed in intact animals (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation of peritoneal mast cells in the skin of W/Wv mice that genetically lack mast cells.

Sonoda¹,

Kanayama²,

Hara³

et al. 1984

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Presence of mast cell precursors in the mouse peritoneal cavity was demonstrated, and the precursors were characterized. When a cell suspension, containing mast cell precursor(s), was directly injected into the skin of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1 (WB X C57BL/6)-W/Wv mice, a cluster composed of approximately 2,000 mast cells appeared at the injection site. By determining the proportion of injection sites at which the mast cell cluster appeared, the concentration of mast cell precursors can be calculated by limiting dilution analysis. The concentration in the peritoneal cavity was about five times as great as the concentration in the bone marrow. Although peritoneal mast cell precursors were shown to originate from the bone marrow, physical characterization revealed that the peritoneal precursors differed from the marrow precursors. The peritoneal precursors were less susceptible to irradiation than the marrow precursors; the former were heavier than the latter. When a 95% pure mast cell suspension was prepared from the peritoneal cells by the removal of phagocytes and the density gradient centrifugation, 1 out of 16 cells had the potentiality to make a mast cell cluster in the skin of the W/Wv mice. Moreover, when a single mast cell was identified under the phase contrast microscope and picked up with the micromanipulator, 1 out of 17 mast cells made the cluster. This indicated that some peritoneal mast cells kept extensive proliferative potentiality even after morphological differentiation. In other words, some peritoneal mast cells themselves may function as the committed precursors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation of peritoneal mast cells in the skin of W/Wv mice that genetically lack mast cells.

Sonoda¹,

Kanayama²,

Hara³

et al. 1984

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activated T cells are believed to be the major source of IL-3, although WEHI-3, classified as a myelomonocytic leukemic cell line, produces it constitutively. In the short time since WEHI-3 was shown to produce IL-3, it has been found that the factor also has the ability to stimulate the growth in vitro of many kinds of hemopoietic cells (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) and it has been called by some a multispecific colony-stimulating factor (20).It has been shown to be identical with Schrader's P-cellstimulating factor (21) and with stem cell-activating factor (22).It has been recognized for some time that early erythroid progenitors require a second factor, burst-promoting activity (BPA), in addition to the hormone erythropoietin (Ep) for their full development in culture (23-26). The ability of IL-3 to stimulate erythropoiesis has been attributed to its activity as a burst promoter in the production of differentiated erythrocytes in vitro from the burst-forming progenitor or erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) (17, 27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin 3 promotes erythroid burst formation in "serum-free" cultures without detectable erythropoietin.

Goodman¹,

Hall²,

Miller³

et al. 1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) from mouse bone marrow were grown for 7 days in agar or serumfree methylcellulose cultures in the presence or absence of erythropoietin (Ep) and/or interleukin 3 (IL-3). It was found that IL-3, even in the absence of serum and detectable Ep, was able to stimulate the full development of many erythroid bursts. This IL-3 effect was cell-dose dependent and did not appear to correlate with Ep dose. Spontaneous bursts and those stimulated by Ep only were rare and when seen were very small relative to those produced by IL-3 or IL-3 plus Ep. When addition of IL-3 or Ep to 7-day cultures was delayed, IL-3 but not Ep was shown to maintain BFU-E. No evidence was found by radioimmunoassay that Ep was produced or released in 7-day, "serum-free" cultures of bone marrow nor was Ep activity detected in culture media except those to which it had been added deliberately.Interleukin 3 (IL-3) began its interesting history as a factor believed to regulate early T-cell differentiation. This was based on the observation by Ihle that a factor in conditioned medium from activated T cells had the ability to induce expression of 20a-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase, an enzyme uniquely associated with the T-cell lineage, in splenic lymphocytes from athymic nude mice (1, 2). Ihle et al. (3) proposed that this factor, a glycoprotein of Mr 28,000, be called IL-3 and has since purified it to homogeneity (4). Activated T cells are believed to be the major source of IL-3, although WEHI-3, classified as a myelomonocytic leukemic cell line, produces it constitutively. In the short time since WEHI-3 was shown to produce IL-3, it has been found that the factor also has the ability to stimulate the growth in vitro of many kinds of hemopoietic cells (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) and it has been called by some a multispecific colony-stimulating factor (20).It has been shown to be identical with Schrader's P-cellstimulating factor (21) and with stem cell-activating factor (22).It has been recognized for some time that early erythroid progenitors require a second factor, burst-promoting activity (BPA), in addition to the hormone erythropoietin (Ep) for their full development in culture (23-26). The ability of IL-3 to stimulate erythropoiesis has been attributed to its activity as a burst promoter in the production of differentiated erythrocytes in vitro from the burst-forming progenitor or erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) (17, 27). It has been reported that under some circumstances "Ep-independent" BFU-E can develop (27-34). Evaluation of the site and nature of action of both BPA and Ep have, until recently, been burdened by the lack of highly purified material and by the presence of unknown quantities of BPA and Ep in constituents of culture media. Some crude preparations of Ep have been found to contain BPA as a contaminant (35). Now that a completely "serum-free" system has been devised (36) for the in vitro growth of erythroid bursts, it is possible to seek experimental answ...

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“…Primary cell lines were obtained by mincing tissues and culturing them in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium (GIBCO Laboratories, Grand Island, N.Y.) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (GIBCO) at 37°C in 5% C02-95% air. Spleen cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, antibiotics, and 10% WEHI-3-conditioned medium (19,32). Serum-free medium was used as described previously (30), except that the only supplements were insulin and transferrin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of a transgenic mouse containing simian virus 40 and v-myc sequences.

Small¹,

Blair²,

Showalter³

et al. 1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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Two plasmids, one containing the simian virus 40 (SV40) genome and the mouse metallothionein I gene and one containing the v-myc gene of avian myelocytomatosis virus MC29, were coinjected into mouse embryos. Of the 13 surviving mice, one, designated M13, contained both myc and SV40 sequences. This mouse developed a cranial bulge identified as a choroid plexus papilloma at 13 weeks and was subsequently sacrificed; tissue samples were taken for further analysis. Primary cell lines derived from these tissues contained both myc and SV40 DNA. No v-myc mRNA could be detected, although SV40 mRNA was present in all of the cell lines tested. T antigen also was expressed in all of the cell lines analyzed. These data suggest that SV40 expression was involved in the abnormalities of mouse M13 and was responsible for the transformed phenotype of the primary cell lines. Primary cell lines from this mouse were atypical in that the population rapidly became progressively more transformed with time in culture based on the following criteria: morphology, growth rate, and the ability to grow in soft agar and in serum-free medium. The data also suggest that factors present in the mouse regulated the ability of SV40 to oncogenically transform most cells and that in vitro culture of cells allowed them to escape those factors. (5,6,(33)(34)(35)44). Although several viral and cellular genes have been implicated in human tumor formation (15, 39) and many of them transform NIH 3T3 cells in culture (46), it has been difficult to test directly their role in tumor initiation and progression. The introduction of isolated viral and cellular onc genes into intact animals can provide such a test. Increases in tumor incidence in transgenic mice would support a role for the gene in tumor formation, and the spectrum of tissues in which tumors develop would indicate the range of expression of the gene, the action of its product, or both.In this study, two potentially tumor-forming DNA molecules, simian virus 40 (SV40) and the myc gene of avian myelocytomatosis virus MC29, were introduced into mouse embryos. SV40 readily transforms cells in culture (43), although it causes tumors at only a low frequency when either virus or DNA is injected into rodents (1,3,22). Studies with temperature-sensitive and deletion mutants of SV40 showed that the large T antigen is primarily responsible for transformation and that the small t antigen also contributes additional transformation activities (8,38,41).

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Continuous Lines of Basophil/Mast Cells Derived from Normal Mouse Bone Marrow

Cited by 150 publications

References 25 publications

Proliferation of peritoneal mast cells in the skin of W/Wv mice that genetically lack mast cells.

Proliferation of peritoneal mast cells in the skin of W/Wv mice that genetically lack mast cells.

Interleukin 3 promotes erythroid burst formation in "serum-free" cultures without detectable erythropoietin.

Analysis of a transgenic mouse containing simian virus 40 and v-myc sequences.

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