Continuous flow microfluidic implementation of a fluorescent marker into a polyacrylate moiety

Oshchepkov, Maxim; Solovieva, Inna N.; Menkov, Aleksey; Tkachenko, Sergey; Udovenko, Vladimir; Popov, Konstantin

doi:10.1007/s41981-020-00093-7

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The target (PAA-F2) was synthesized using a continuous flow microreactor Qmix, provided by CETONI, with a steel-made T-shaped mixer and 850 mm long coil pipe at the last step. The synthesis technique was adapted from [23]. Two solutions have been prepared and injected by syringe pumps into a microfluidic reactor (3 mL volume).…”

Section: Paa-f2 Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Visualization of a Novel Fluorescent-Tagged Polymeric Antiscalant during Gypsum Crystallization in Combination with Bisphosphonate Fluorophore

et al. 2020

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An attempt to reveal the mechanisms of scale inhibition with the use of two different fluorescent-tagged antiscalants at once is undertaken. To reach the goal, a novel 1,8-naphthalimide-tagged polyacrylate (PAA-F2) is synthesized and tested separately and jointly with 1,8-naphthalimide-tagged bisphosphonate (HEDP-F) as a gypsum scale inhibitor within the frames of NACE Standard TM0374-2007. Here, it is found that at a dosage of 10 mg·dm−3 it provides a much higher inhibition efficiency (96%) than HEDP-F (32%). A PAA-F2 and HEDP-F blend (1:1 mass) has an intermediate efficacy (66%) and exhibits no synergism relative to its individual components. The visualization of PAA-F2 revealed a paradoxical effect: an antiscalant causes modification of the CaSO4·2H2O crystals habit, but does not interact with them, forming particles of its own solid complex [Ca-PAA-F2]. This paradox is interpreted in terms of the “nano/microdust” concept, prioritizing the bulk heterogeneous nucleation step, while an ability of the scale inhibitor to block the nucleus growth at the next steps is proven to be of secondary importance. At the same time, HEDP-F does not change the gypsum crystals morphology, although this antiscalant is completely located on the surface of the scale phase. The PAA-F2 and HEDP-F blend revealed an accumulation of both antiscalants in their own [Ca-PAA-F2/Ca-HEDP-F] phase with some traces of HEDP-F and PAA-F2 on the CaSO4·2H2O crystals surface. Thus, the visualization of two different antiscalants separately and jointly applied to gypsum deposition demonstrates differences in phosphonic and polymeric inhibitors location, and a lack of causal relationship between antiscalant efficiency and scale particle habit modification. Finally, it is shown that the confocal microscopy of several fluorescent antiscalant blends is capable of providing unique information on their interrelationships during scale deposition.

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Section: Paa-f2 Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Visualization of a Novel Fluorescent-Tagged Polymeric Antiscalant during Gypsum Crystallization in Combination with Bisphosphonate Fluorophore

et al. 2020

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“…In bulk aqueous solutions, the naturally occurring solid impurities (heteronuclei particulates) are recognized to act as primary crystallization centers [ 2 , 43 , 44 ]. On the grounds of our previous studies of gypsum scaling [ 9 , 15 , 20 , 21 ], we suppose that the major contribution to scale inhibition is associated with the nucleation step. It was demonstrated that bulk nucleation in supersaturated solutions of sparingly soluble salts takes place on natural solid nanoimpurities, inevitably present in any aqueous solution [ 9 , 15 , 16 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Most of these problems could be successfully solved by the application of fluorescent-tagged antiscalants, which have gained increasing interest over the past decades [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Indeed, the precise monitoring of polycarboxylates is a challenge for water treatment technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the precise monitoring of polycarboxylates is a challenge for water treatment technologies. Fluorescence detection has therefore attracted increasing attention as a powerful tool in chemical sensing due to its high sensitivity and simplicity [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. However, the “online” control of phosphonate concentration in water recirculation systems is also an actual issue [ 11 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants—The New Materials for Scale Inhibition Mechanism Studies, Antiscalant Traceability and Antiscaling Efficacy Optimization during CaCO3 and CaSO4·2H2O Scale Formation

Tkachenko

Trukhina²,

Ryabova

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Equipment scaling leads to reduced production efficiency in a wide range of industrial applications worldwide. Various antiscaling agents are currently commonly used to mitigate this problem. However, irrespective of their long and successful application in water treatment technologies, little is known about the mechanisms of scale inhibition, particularly the localization of scale inhibitors on scale deposits. The lack of such knowledge is a limiting factor in the development of applications for antiscalants. Meanwhile, fluorescent fragments integrated into scale inhibitor molecules have provided a successful solution to the problem. The focus of this study is, therefore, on the synthesis and investigation of a novel fluorescent antiscalant: (2-(6-morpholino-1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)yl)ethylazanediyl)bis(methylenephosphonic acid) (ADMP-F) which is an analog of the commercial antiscalant: aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP). ADMP-F has been found to effectively control the precipitation of CaCO3 and CaSO4 in solution and is a promising tracer for organophosphonate scale inhibitors. ADMP-F was compared with two other fluorescent antiscalants—polyacrylate (PAA-F1) and bisphosphonate (HEDP-F)—and was found to be highly effective: PAA-F1 > ADMP-F >> HEDP-F (CaCO3) and PAA-F1 > ADMP-F > HEDP-F (CaSO4·2H2O). The visualization of the antiscalants on the deposits provides unique information on their location and reveals differences in the “antiscalant-deposit” interactions for scale inhibitors of different natures. For these reasons, a number of important refinements to the mechanisms of scale inhibition are proposed.

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Mechanisms of scale inhibition derived from a fluorescent-tagged antiscalant visualization

Oshchepkov

Popov

2022

Water-Formed Deposits

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Continuous flow microfluidic implementation of a fluorescent marker into a polyacrylate moiety

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Synthesis and Visualization of a Novel Fluorescent-Tagged Polymeric Antiscalant during Gypsum Crystallization in Combination with Bisphosphonate Fluorophore

Synthesis and Visualization of a Novel Fluorescent-Tagged Polymeric Antiscalant during Gypsum Crystallization in Combination with Bisphosphonate Fluorophore

Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants—The New Materials for Scale Inhibition Mechanism Studies, Antiscalant Traceability and Antiscaling Efficacy Optimization during CaCO3 and CaSO4·2H2O Scale Formation

Mechanisms of scale inhibition derived from a fluorescent-tagged antiscalant visualization

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