Continuous determination of gaseous ammonia in the ambient atmosphere using fluorescence derivatization

Abbas, Rana Zamin; Tanner, Roger L.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(81)90028-7

Cited by 35 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For the AAPHEX experiments at BNL, November 1979, and at Baltimore, Maryland, August 1980, and the OSCAR experiments, Ft. Wayne, Indiana, April 1981, a similar instrumentation package was assembled for ground-based measurements including, in addition to the above, an instrument to measure ammonia by the fluorescence-derivation technique [Abbas and Tanner, 1981]. The instrumentation package used in the AAPHEX 1 experiments of November 1979 has been described in detail elsewhere .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical distribution of aerosol strong acid and sulfate in the atmosphere

Tanner¹,

Kumar²,

Johnson³

1984

J. Geophys. Res.

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Vertical profiles are reported for sulfate, for strong acid‐to‐sulfate molar ratios, and for related species. Data were obtained in the northeastern United States by airborne filter‐pack sampling at multiple altitudes with some concurrent ground measurements and by impactor measurements on the ground and aloft, using semiquantitative FTIR spectroscopic analyses. Filter‐pack and impactor approaches were compared during one experimental period. Vertical profile data demonstrate that acid‐to‐sulfate ratios in ambient aerosols usually increase with altitude (Z) in the lower troposphere, occasionally remain constant with Z, and almost never decrease with Z. The sum of nitrate and nitric acid decreases with Z, but the fraction as nitric acid increases with Z, consistent with the aerosol acidity data. Urban effects on the acid‐to‐sulfate ratios in aerosols are demonstrated. The results strongly suggest that reequilibration of the aerosol nitric acid‐ammonia system must be occurring rapidly and that strong acids (in aerosols and gases) may be available for long‐distance transport in the lower troposphere.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical distribution of aerosol strong acid and sulfate in the atmosphere

Tanner¹,

Kumar²,

Johnson³

1984

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Samples of air entering at the bottom and leaving fr?m the top of the cuvette were sent through an NHrdetectwn system by a separate vacuu~ pressure pum~ at the rate of 7.5 L min-'. The NH 3 collectiOn system consisted of a Venturi scrubber (Abbas and Tanner, 1981), in which th~ sample of either the entering ambient airstream or the atrstream leaving the cuvette was scrubbed with atomized 0.05 M 'The use of trade names in this article does not imply endorsement by Colorado State University or the USDA-ARS of the products named.…”

Section: Gas-exchange Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia Volatilization from Spring Wheat Plants

et al. 1988

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Plant shoots may be a significant source of N loss in crops. Ammonia volatilization and C0 2 exchange rates from 'Otar spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants exposed to low-and high-N treatments were observed from heading through the hard kernel phenological stages. The plants were grown in growth chambers (Nunn clay loam soil [Aridic Argiustoll)) where whole-plant gas-exchange measurements were made using a plexiglass cuvette. Plants lost NH 3 at fairly constant rates (60-120 ng NH 3 -N m-2 s-1 ) during the pre-senescence time period (before milk ripe stage), but the loss rate increased to 200 to 300 ng NH 3 m-2 s-1 during final plant senescence. A reverse pattern was observed in C0 2 exchange rates. Rates of C0 2 .exchange ranged from 0.13 to 0.42 mg C0 2 s-1 during heading, but dropped off (gradually in the high-N treatment, abruptly in the tow-N treatment) as the plants began to senesce. The NH 3 loss rates on a leaf-area basis were similar for the low-and high-N plants despite significantly higher N concentrations in high-N plants. Twice the leaf area was attained by the high-N plants, resulting in NH 3 volatilization rates per plant roughly twice those observed in the !ow-N plants. The results suggest that significant amounts of NH 3 can be lost from wheat shoots.

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“…Wet-effluent diffusion denuder NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, HCl and SO 2 Simon et al, 1991;Taira and Kanda, 1993;Buhr et al, 1995;Zellweger et al, 1999 Parallel-plate denuder NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, HCl and SO 2 Simon and Dasgupta, 1993;Boring et al, 1999;Genfa et al, 2003 Thermodenuder NH 3 , HNO 3 Keuken et al, 1989;Klockow et al, 1989 Wet-annular denuder NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, HCl and SO 2 Keuken et al, 1988;Wyers et al, 1993;Allegrini et al, 1994;Slanina and Wyers, 1994;Oms et al, 1996;Jongejan et al, 1997AiRRmonia NH 3 Erisman et al, 2001 Diffusion scrubber Diffusion scrubber and NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, Matusca et al, 1984;Cofer et al, 1985;mist chamber HCl and SO 2 Philips and Dasgupta, 1987;Lindgren, 1992;Lefer et al, 1999;Sanhueza and Garaboto, 2002 Fluorescence Laser-photolysis fragment-fluorescence HONO, HNO 3 Rodgers and Davis, 1989;Papenbrock and Stuhl, 1990;(LPFF) and laser-fluorescence NH 3 , aerosol NH + 4 Papenbrock and Stuhl, 1991;Abbas and Tanner, 1981; derivatization Rapsomanikis et al, 1988 Spectroscopy Differential optical absorption HNO 3 , HONO Perner and Platt, 1979;Plane and Nien, 1992; spectroscopy (DOAS) Winer and Biermann, 1994;Febo et al, 1996;Stutz et al, 2002 Chemical ionization mass HNO 3 , SO 2 Huey et al, 1998;Mauldin et al, 1998;spectrometer (CIMS) Furutani and…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time measurements of ammonia, acidic trace gases and water-soluble inorganic aerosol species at a rural site in the Amazon Basin

Trebs¹,

Meixner²,

Slanina³

et al. 2004

Preprint

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Abstract. We measured the mixing ratios of ammonia (NH3), nitric acid (HNO3), nitrous acid (HONO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and the corresponding water-soluble inorganic aerosol species, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), chloride (Cl−) and sulfate (SO42−), and their diel and seasonal variations at a pasture site in the Amazon Basin (Rondônia, Brazil). This study was conducted within the framework of LBA-SMOCC (Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia Smoke Aerosols, Clouds, Rainfall and Climate). Sampling was performed from 12 September to 14 November 2002, extending from the dry season (extensive biomass burning activity), through the transition period to the wet season (background conditions). Measurements were made continuously using a wet-annular denuder in combination with a Steam-Jet Aerosol Collector (SJAC) followed by suitable on-line analysis. A detailed description and verification of the inlet system for simultaneous sampling of soluble gases and aerosol compounds is presented. Overall measurement uncertainties of the ambient mixing ratios usually remained below 15%. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined for each single data point measured during the field experiment. Median LOD values (3σ-definition) were ≤0.015 ppb for acidic trace gases and aerosol anions and ≤0.118 ppb for NH3 and aerosol NH4+. Mixing ratios of acidic trace gases remained below 1ppb throughout the measurement period, while NH3 levels were an order of magnitude higher. Accordingly, mixing ratios of NH4+ exceeded those of other inorganic aerosol contributors by a factor of 4 to 10. During the wet season, mixing ratios decreased by nearly a factor of 3 for all compounds compared to those observed when intensive biomass burning took place. Additionally, N-containing gas and aerosol species featured pronounced diel variations. This is attributed to strong relative humidity and temperature variations between day and night as well as to changing photochemistry and stability conditions of the planetary boundary layer. HONO exhibited a characteristic diel cycle with high mixing ratios at nighttime and was not completely depleted by photolysis during daylight hours.

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Continuous determination of gaseous ammonia in the ambient atmosphere using fluorescence derivatization

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Vertical distribution of aerosol strong acid and sulfate in the atmosphere

Vertical distribution of aerosol strong acid and sulfate in the atmosphere

Ammonia Volatilization from Spring Wheat Plants

Real-time measurements of ammonia, acidic trace gases and water-soluble inorganic aerosol species at a rural site in the Amazon Basin

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