Continuing differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and induced chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages in electrospun PLGA nanofiber scaffold

Abstract

Nanofibers have recently gained substantial interest for potential applications in tissue engineering. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrospun nanofibers accommodate the viability, growth, and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as well as their osteogenic (hMSC-Ob) and chondrogenic (hMSC-Ch) derivatives. Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) beads with a PLA:PGA ratio of 85:15 were electrospun into non-woven fibers with an average diameter of 760±210 nm. The average Young's modulus of electrospun PLGA nanofibers was 42±26 kPa, per nanoindentation with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Human MSCs were seeded 1-4 weeks at a density of 2×10 6 cells/mL in PLGA nanofiber sheets. After 2 week culture on PLGA nanofiber scaffold, hMSCs remained as precursors upon immunoblotting with hKL12 antibody. SEM taken up to 7 days after cell seeding revealed that hMSCs, hMSC-Ob and hMSC-Ch apparently attached to PLGA nanofibers. The overwhelming majority of hMSCs was viable and proliferating in PLGA nanofiber scaffolds up to the tested 14 days, as assayed live/dead tests, DNA assay and BrdU. In a separate experiment, hMSCs seeded in PLGA nanofiber scaffolds were differentiated into chodrogenic and osteogenic cells. Histological assays revealed that hMSCs continuously differentiated into chondrogenic cells and osteogenic cells after 2 week incubation in PLGA nanofibers. Taken together, these data represent an original investigation of continuous differentiation of hMSCs into chondrogenic and osteogenic cells in PLGA nanofiber scaffold. Consistent with previous work, these findings also suggest that nanofibers may serve as accommodative milieu for not only hMSCs, but also as a 3D carrier vehicle for lineage specific cells.

The effects of synthetic and natural scaffolds on viability and proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells

“…Its distinct advantages include controllable biodegradation rate and mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and its ease of processing into the desired shapes and flexibility (Xin et al 2007). It is shown that PLGA nanofiber scaffolds accommodate the survival and proliferation of MSCs (Xin et al 2007).…”

“…Also, by culturing composites of human bone marrow MSCs with a porous PLGA scaffold, TE of bone construct can be improved (Yang et al 2010). However, the surface of synthetic polymers is hydrophobic which limits cell adhesion and growth in 3D architectures (Xin et al 2007).…”

Potential Applications of Nonwoven Polymer Mats – Review

“…These cells are responsible for bone growth and remodeling [5]. Studies on the possibility of osteoblasts proliferation on the nanofiber mats made from biodegradable polymers (poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)) have been widely documented [6][7][8]. For bone tissue engineering, nanofibers based on natural polymers (collagen / PLGA, chitosan / poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)) have been also studied [9,10].…”

Characteristics and Biocompatibility of Electrospun Nanofibers with Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)/Marine Collagen

“…방출된 제트는 용액 특유의 점도성 때문에 공기 중으로 날아가면서 용매는 증발하게 되고 콜렉터에는 고분자 섬유가 쌓게 된다. 3 이러한 전기방사법은 최근 10여년 전부터 조직공학 연구 분야에서 나노섬유형 지지체를 만드는데 사용되었는데, 대 표적인 생체적합성, 생분해성 합성 고분자 물질로써 poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), 4 poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), 5 poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL), 6 poly(lactide) (PLA) 7 가 사용되었으며, 키토산(chitosan), 8 젤라틴(gelatin), 9,11 콜라겐 (collagen) 10 (Figure 2(e)). 일반적으로 합성 참 고 문 헌…”