The effects of synthetic and natural scaffolds on viability and proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells

Abstract

This study presents a comparative assessment of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSCs) proliferation rates and their viability on five different scaffolds. Five different biomaterial scaffolds were prepared: alginate, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid, fibrin glue, inactive platelet-rich plasma, and active plateletrich plasma (APRP). Stem cells were isolated from human adipose tissue. Flow cytometry analysis was performed. Specifically, adipogenesis/osteogenesis/chondrogenesis-associated genes expression was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. These cells were seeded in the prepared scaffolds. After 14 days, the proliferation and viability of MSCs were evaluated using an MTT assay. Also, stemness genes expression was analyzed with the reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. In addition, the DNA content assay was also performed. The obtained results showed a significant difference between cell proliferation and viability of different scaffolds. APRP and alginate were shown to be the most and least suitable scaffolds in terms of enhancing cell proliferation and maintaining cell viability respectively (p < .05). RT-PCR reactions demonstrated the expression of the various stemness-related markers (Nanog, Octamer4A, and Sox2) when ADSC cells were grown separately on the five different scaffolds. Our study indicates that compared with the scaffolds, APRP could be the best scaffold for support of ADSC proliferation. ARTICLE HISTORY

Adipose tissue stem cells in regenerative medicine

“…The main challenge for the application of these cells in future cell replacement therapies is to be able to control their differentiation in specific tissues. In this sense, there are a multitude of cultivation methods, reprogramming strategies, genetic manipulation, epigenetic modulation as well as organisation in three-dimensional matrices and directing stem cells to the areas where they may be needed [ 12 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Adipose-derived stromal cell in regenerative medicine: A review

“…These cells can be obtained and cultured in vitro in sufficient numbers and subsequently used in damaged tissue regeneration[ 10 ]. So far it has been well recognized that these cells possess a broad spectrum of differentiated potentials, from cell types of mesodermal origin to ectoderm (such as hepatocyte) and endoderm (such as beta cells), when induced in vitro [ 10 - 13 ] (Figure 2 ). ADSC can be expanded effortlessly in culture for long periods of time without losing their differentiation capacity[ 12 ].…”

Taguchi's methods to optimize the properties and bioactivity of 3D printed polycaprolactone/mineral trioxide aggregate scaffold: Theoretical predictions and experimental validation

“…First, we have assessed the ability of the scaffolds to sustain cell proliferation. This methodology is widely used to determine the cytocompatible character of polymeric biomaterials used for tissue engineering (e.g., PCL, collagen, and PLGA) (Ghiasi, Kalhor, Tabatabaei Qomi, & Sheykhhasan, 2015;Grant et al, 2017;Rosa et al, 2013). Figure 4a shows that both the control (PCL alone) and PCL containing 4% MTA scaffolds allowed cell proliferation.…”