“…Recent examinations of relationships in practice have emerged from Chicago and Tennessee, and several prior research studies have examined the Cincinnati Teacher Evaluation System (TES). Cincinnati has the longest-standing MMTES (launched in the 2000-2001 school year), and accordingly the most research has been done on this system, which is based (as many new MMTES are) on Charlotte Danielson's Framework for Teaching and accompanying observation protocol (Heneman & Milanowski, 2003;Holtzapple, 2003;Kane et al 2011;Milanowski, 2004aMilanowski, , 2004bOdden, 2004;Taylor & Tyler, 2012;Tyler, Taylor, Kane, & Wooten, 2010;Weisberg et al, 2009). Together, the work from Cincinnati finds that observation-based measures and value-added or student-achievement-based measures of teacher effectiveness are positively correlated, such that teachers who score well on one measure are more likely to be considered more effective according to the other.…”