Continued High Incidence of Diphtheria in a Well-Immunized Community

Murphy, William J.; Maley, V. H.; Dick, Lillian.

doi:10.2307/4589446

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Por outro lado, a incidência de difteria é mais alta entre os segmentos populacio-Ao contrário da maioria das doenças bacterianas, a difteria é uma infecção que se caracteriza por acometer principalmente crianças pertencentes a faixa etária préescolar e escolar 4,9,14,18,23,26,28 .…”

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Difteria: situação imunitária de uma população infantil urbana de São Paulo, SP, Brasil

1980

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A verificação do teor de anticorpos antidiftéricos provenientes de 130 crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade, do município de São Paulo, Brasil, revelou 31, 14 e 5% de indivíduos susceptíveis nas idades de 7, 8 e 9 anos, respectivamente. Todas as crianças de 10 anos de idade apresentaram proteção contra a difteria, revelando teor de antitoxina circulante em níveis superiores a 0,01 UI/ml. O teor médio de antitoxina diftérica encontrada variou de 0,0385 a 0,1315 UI/ml de soro, na população examinada.

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Difteria: situação imunitária de uma população infantil urbana de São Paulo, SP, Brasil

1980

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“…The decline in morbidity between 1930 and 1955 was significantly slower in the southern states than in the remainder of the U.S.A. (Moore &r Larsen, 1957). In one county of Georgia, for instance, there was no appreciable decline in disease incidence between 1935 and 1953, and an annual morbidity of about 47 cases per 100000 population was maintained despite an organized immunization programme (Murphy, Maley &;Dick, 1956). Local variations were also noted in mortality, such as-in Baltimore, where the case-fatality ratio dropped from 8 % to 4 % between 1920 and 1936 (Frost et at.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diphtheria in North America

Dixon

1984

J. Hyg.

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SummaryThe incidence of diphtheria has declined in North America during the last fifty years until it is now an uncommon disease. This general pattern is similar to that seen in other developed countries with well-organized immunization programmes, but certain noteworthy characteristics have been observed in recent years: foci of infection lingered in two population groups of low socio-economic status, in both of which the skin has been an important reservoir. In central areas of certain cities, endemic diphtheria, chiefly cutaneous, has occurred amongst indigent adult males living in unhygienic conditions; and in the native Indian population of Northern Canada diphtheria infection has been endemic in infants and children, many of the infections being of the skin or ear and toxic disease being uncommon. During the last few years, diphtheria outbreaks have not been reported in urban areas and possibly endemicity is now restricted to northern native populations. The number of infections detected in these northern endemic areas is steadily decreasing.

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Diphtheria Immunization

Miller¹,

Older²,

Drake³

et al. 1972

Am J Dis Child

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A diphtheria epidemic in a small central Texas community centered in the elementary school. Epidemiological investigation at the school included throat cultures and immunization histories of 306 of the 310 students and staff. Of these, 104 (34%) had culture-proven diphtheria infections; 15 were symptomatic cases and 89 were carriers.There was no statistical difference in the risk of diphtheria infection among those with full, lapsed, inadequate, or no previous diphtheria immunizations. However, the risk of symptomatic diphtheria was 30 times as great for those with none, and 11.5 times as great for those with inadequate immunizations as for those fully immunized. Diphtheria toxoid helps prevent symptomatic disease but does not prevent the carrier state nor stop the spread of infection. Identifying, isolating, and treating carriers are very important aspects in the control of diphtheria outbreaks. w ith the increase in the number of cases of diphtheria in the

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Continued High Incidence of Diphtheria in a Well-Immunized Community

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Difteria: situação imunitária de uma população infantil urbana de São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Difteria: situação imunitária de uma população infantil urbana de São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Diphtheria in North America

Diphtheria Immunization

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