Context-aware packet switching in ad hoc networks

Abstract

Abstract-We present the design and performance of a new approach to packet switching for MANETs, which we call Context Aware Protocol Engines (CAPE). With CAPE, nodes disseminate information in the network by means of contextaware packet switching that enables the statistical multiplexing of bandwidth, processing and storage resources using integrated signaling covering channel access, routing and other functions, to share and store the context within which information is disseminated. Data packet headers consist of simple pointers to their context, and elections and opportunistic reservations integrated with routing are used to attain high throughput and low channel-access delay.

Ring Optimal Assignment of Slot Reservations for Cyclic TDMA Protocols

“…The time-distance from 3 o'clock to 1 o'clock is 10 hours. Therefore, δ clk (1, 2, 12) + δ clk (2,3,12) < δ clk (3,1,12) in violation of the triangle inequality.…”

“…The variance from the mean would be σ 2 = 3.2. In the next step of the algorithm, the ring slots would be at u = (3, 8 1 3 , 13 2 3 ), which would result in the chosen slots of v = (3,8,14). The variance from the mean would be σ 2 = 0.2, which in this case is the minimum possible variance so this is an optimal choice.…”

“…We use two time slot allocators: one similar to NAMA and one similar to CASA [3]. The NAMA allocator uses a uniformly random choice of node per time slot, so the interslot allocations for a node are geometrically distributed.…”

“…The results shown are for NoRes, but this aspect of the system is independent of the reservation scheme. As described in [3], the CASA scheduler has a significantly tighter schedule generation than NAMA, with the difference becoming more pronounced as the node to slot ratio grows (as the number of nodes to the number of slots becomes larger). All the differences in the figure are significant, the 95% confidence interval is under 1.0 in all cases.…”

“…The desire of a node to reserve a time slot, and a reservation conflict resolution mechanism, are protocol-dependent signaling mechanisms not discussed here. The Context Aware Scheduling Algorithm (CASA) MAC protocol [3], is an example of a MAC protocol that implements topology and reservation signaling sufficient to realize the ROAR algorithm.…”