Context and importance of biochar research

Madari, B. E.; Maia, C. M. B. de F.; Novotny, E. H.

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2012000500001

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Soils can sequester and accumulate larger quantities of carbon than plant biomass and the atmosphere [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pyrolysis temperature alters the proportion of fulvic and humic acids in biochar [5], concentration of nutrients, such as phosphorous and nitrogen [8], pH and porosity [9]. Aromatic and hydrophobic structures give stability, enhancing recalcitrance, and acidic groups give reactivity [4], making biochar useful to increase chemical, physical and biological qualities of soils. In regard of plant biomass, hemicellulose is the first to be lost in the pyrolysis process, since it degrades at 200˚C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Tropical Soils Amended with Poultry Manure and Sugar Cane Straw Biochars

Novais¹,

Zenero²,

Frade³

et al. 2017

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Increases in greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, upon changes in land use and agricultural management, lead to a search for techniques that enhance carbon residence time in soil. Pyrolysis increases the recalcitrance of organic materials and enhances their activities as physical, chemical and biological soil conditioners. Emissions of CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O quantified from a sandy soil that was treated with three rates (12.5, 25 e 50 Mg•ha −1 ) of either non-pyrolysed poultry manure and sugarcane straw or biochars, pyrolysed at two contrasting temperatures (350˚C and 650˚C). Subsequently, the flux of the three gases was converted and compared in a standard unit (CO 2 eq). The added biochars, significantly reduced GHG emissions, especially CO 2 , relative to the non-pyrolysed materials. The greatest differences between applied rates of poultry manure, relative sugarcane straw, both to biochar and raw material, and the positive response to the increase of pyrolysis temperture, confirm the importance of raw material choice for biochar production, with recalcitrance being an important initial characteristic. Greater emissions occurred with intermediate rate of biochars (25 Mg•ha −1 ) amendment to the soil. These intermediate rates had higher microbial biomass, provided by an intermediate C/N ratio derived from the original soil and the biochar, promoting combined levels of labile C and oxygen availability, leading to an optimal environment for microbiota.

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“…Soils can sequester and accumulate larger quantities of carbon than plant biomass and the atmosphere [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Tropical Soils Amended with Poultry Manure and Sugar Cane Straw Biochars

Novais¹,

Zenero²,

Frade³

et al. 2017

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“…The focus of this growing interest recently shifted from C sequestration and climate change mitigation to: soil fertility improvement and crop growth; water retention and movement in the soil; and soil pollution control, as indicated as a new tendency in a recent article in the journal Nature (Cernansky, 2015). It is however noteworthy that this discourse change, from Terra Preta de Índios and climate change to biochar technology, mainly towards "soil fertility improvement" and "improving crop residue management", had already been preconized by the Brazilian Research Network of Biochar since 2006 (Maia et al, 2011;Madari et al, 2012;Novotny et al, 2012;Paiva et al, 2012;Rittl et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Novotny

Maia

Carvalho

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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162

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Biochar (carbonized biomass for agricultural use) has been used worldwide as soil amendment and is a technology of particular interest for Brazil, since its "inspiration" is from the historical Terra Preta de Índios (Amazon Dark Earth), and also because Brazil is the world's largest charcoal producer, generating enormous residue quantities in form of fine charcoal and due to the availability of different residual biomasses, mainly from agroindustry (e.g., sugar-cane bagasse; wood and paper-mill wastes; residues from biofuel industries; sewage sludge etc), that can be used for biochar production, making Brazil a key actor in the international scenario in terms of biochar research and utilization). In the last decade, numerous studies on biochar have been carried out and now a vast literature, and excellent reviews, are available. The objective of this paper is therefore to deliver a critical review with some highlights on biochar research, rather than an exhaustive bibliographic review. To this end, some key points considered critical and relevant were selected and the pertinent literature "condensed", with a view to guide future research, rather than analyze trends of the past.

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“…Embrapa 122/V2000. Among the new technologies that reduce environmental impact and improve agricultural production, the use of biochar, which according to Madari et al (2012) is among the only available technologies that can contribute to the improvement or maintenance of soil properties and thus to the production of sustainable energy and food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Rates and Sunflower Production in Function of Fertilization with Biochar and NPK

Furtado¹,

Chaves²

2018

JAS

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The use of alternative sources such as biochar can contribute to sustainable agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization with biochar in combination with mineral fertilizer, growth rates and yield of sunflower cv. Embrapa 122/V2000. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment of UAEAg/CTRN/UFCG in pots with a capacity of 20 dm 3 under a completely randomized experimental design, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme (5 × 4) and four replicates corresponding to five doses of mineral fertilization 0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of fertilization indication with NPK (100, 300, and 150 mg kg ) and four doses of biochar, 0; 5% (400 g/pot); 10% (800 g/pot) and 15% (1100 g/pot) calculated on the basis of the soil volume. Fertilization with biochar promoted an increase in sunflower growth rates in the evaluation periods. The combination of 50: 150: 75 mg kg -1 of NPK and 400 g/pot of biochar promotes higher production of sunflower (23.91 g/plant).

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Context and importance of biochar research

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Tropical Soils Amended with Poultry Manure and Sugar Cane Straw Biochars

Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Tropical Soils Amended with Poultry Manure and Sugar Cane Straw Biochars

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Growth Rates and Sunflower Production in Function of Fertilization with Biochar and NPK

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