Contested volumetric space: fl oor area uplift policy in Jakarta

Abstract

This paper illustrates how the extraction of land value into volumetric spaces (subterranean spaces, elevated infrastructures and high-rise buildings) is rendered possible through accumulation strategies embedded in spatial planning in Jakarta. In doing so, it carefully delves into the shift in Floor-Area Uplift (FAU) compensation policy and its relationship with the expansion of mass transportation system development. We analysed urban planning and high-rise building policy documents from 1975–2017 and modelled the allowable FAU based on those policies. We illustrate, first, the transformation of FAU discourse in urban policies and how its operability is facilitated in discretionary planning regimes. This paper then demonstrates the planning gain delivery and consequences produced through FAU compensation policy. We argued how volumetric urbanism in Jakarta had been produced and sustained through entrepreneurial motives. It continues to segregate the city both in local and urban contexts despite its positivist development goals.

Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and Sustainable Urban Living Observing Data Using Urban Modeling Interface (UMI) Case Yogyakarta Indonesia

“…This policy will of course invite criticism because of the characteristics of the Yogyakarta Region which historically is a city consisting of a number of urban villages [2,16]. So that in the future it is very likely that the FAR 4.00 provisions need to be reviewed.It has been mentioned before that FAR can be used as a policy reference to slow down the impact of development (Low Development Impact) [7] on buildings in an urban area that is densely populated and has limited land. However, setting the numbers wisely by taking into account regional characteristics, the history of the city's formation, and other socio-cultural characteristics, especially for the case of Yogyakarta, will be produced a more accurate and optimum FAR figure.…”

“…FAR can also be used to control building density optimally, ratio with utilities and infrastructure to reduce traffic, water and land [6]. FAR is also considered to be very effective in controlling the development of physical development, particularly buildings that are slower, which is referred to as the Low Impact Development strategy (LID) [7]. Each city has different FAR provisions.…”

Everyday speculation in the remaking of peri-urban livelihoods and landscapes

“…The greater Jakarta metropolitan region, centered on but exceeding Jabodetabek (an acronym for Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi), has been rapidly peri-urbanizing since the 1980s (Winarso et al, 2015). Peri-urban populations quadrupled (to approximately 20 million inhabitants) between 1980 and 2010, whereas DKI Jakarta's population increased by just 50% (to 9.5 million) (Herlambang et al, 2013). The 1981 Jabotabek Metropolitan Plan envisioned expansion beyond DKI Jakarta, zoning the areas around Bekasi and Tangerang for industrial development and the south as a water catchment area (Douglass, 1989;Rukmana, 2015).…”