“…From reviewing the second literature on American legal culture, political culture, economic thinking, and public policy in this period, we identified four broad trends or changes in the ideas that informed how most Americans viewed the world that are relevant to understanding the documented shift in judicial thinking and behavior described above. These trends are: the growing popularity of ideologies that researchers describe as ''collectivist'' at the expense of classical liberal or ''individualist'' ideologies (Balogh, 2009;Postell, 2016;Sawyer, 2013;Schiller, 2016); growing confidence in the ability to expert planners to produce better socio-economic outcomes than those provided by spontaneous order systems such as the market (Horwitz, 1997;Leonard, 2017); growing acceptance in American culture of militarism, overseas military action, and historically unprecedented levels of military spending; and intensification of the already high levels of prejudice against minorities, be they non-whites or white immigrants from countries from outside of north-western Europe.…”