Content of soluble and bound condensed tannins of three tropical herbaceous forage legumes

Mupangwa, J. F.; Acamovic, T.; Topps, J. H.; Ngongoni, N. T.; Hamudikuwanda, H.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(99)00117-0

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Comparison of the presented results on the total condensed tannins and CT fractions is limited by lack of information from the literature on CT composition in tropical browse foliages. However, results presented in the current work on total CT contents were higher than values of CT fractions reported by Terrill et al (1992) in grasses and herbaceous legumes, and even higher than those reported by Jackson et al (1996) and Mupangwa et al (2000). Mupangwa et al (2000) reported lower total CT of 29.5, 16.9 and 12.4 mg/g DM in Cassia rotundifolia, Lablab purpureum and Macroptilium atropurpureum, respectively, compared to the current findings of 53, 54, 75 and 98 mg/g DM in F. villosa, H. abyssinica, D. cinerea and P. thorningii, respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…However, results presented in the current work on total CT contents were higher than values of CT fractions reported by Terrill et al (1992) in grasses and herbaceous legumes, and even higher than those reported by Jackson et al (1996) and Mupangwa et al (2000). Mupangwa et al (2000) reported lower total CT of 29.5, 16.9 and 12.4 mg/g DM in Cassia rotundifolia, Lablab purpureum and Macroptilium atropurpureum, respectively, compared to the current findings of 53, 54, 75 and 98 mg/g DM in F. villosa, H. abyssinica, D. cinerea and P. thorningii, respectively. High levels of CT in browse species' leaves in this study could cause depressed N and dry DM digestibility (Aerts et al, 1999) through formation of tannin-protein complexes (Mangan, 1988).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…Higher contents of CT fractions of browse species' leaves in this study than values reported by Terrill et al (1992) in herbage forages were due to the fact that the latter forages contained negligible CT contents. Reported results on the distribution of CT fractions compare slightly with values of 12-44% of total CT (butanol/HCl) for soluble CT fraction in C. rotundifolia, L. purpureum, and M. atropurpureum (Mupangwa et al, 2000). High proportion of protein-bound CT fraction (40.0-51.4%) could be associated with depressed browse fodder digestibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Content of phenolic, extractable and bound condensed tannins and their effect on <i>in vitro</i> gas production from browse leaves

Rubanza¹,

Shem²,

Otsyina³

et al. 2005

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Two studies were conducted to screen leaves of four browse species (Dichrostachys cinerea, Flagea villosa, Harrisonia abyssinica and Piliostigma thorningii): 1. to quantify levels of total extractable phenolics (TEP), extractable tannins (TET), total condensed tannins (CT), extractable and bound CT fractions and proanthocyanidins (PAs) using chemical assays; 2. to investigate effect of tannin anti-nutritive activity on in vitro gas production assessed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) tannin bioassay. Crude protein (CP) varied (P<0.05) between fodder species from 109 (P. thorningii) to 160 g/kg DM (D. cinerea). The fodders had detectable TEP that varied from 112 (P. thorningii) to 234 mg/g DM (F. villosa). TET varied (P<0.05) between species from 95 (P. thorningii) to 220 mg/g DM (F. villosa). The content of CT varied (P<0.05) from 53.2 (F. villosa) to 98.3 mg/g DM in P. thorningii. High proportion of CT was bound to protein (40-51.4%) compared to soluble (19.5-33.1 %) and fibre-bound (22.7-27.3%) CT fractions. Characterization of PAs in leaves revealed presence of flavan-3-ol and flavan-3,4-diols flavonoids. The increase in GP due to PEG supplementation varied (P<0.05) from 44.4 ml/g OM (14.5%) to 132.3 ml/g OM (69.4%) at 16 h, and from 34.9 ml/g OM (10.3%) to 132.2 ml/g OM (57.2%) at 24 h, in H. abyssinica and D. cinerea, respectively. Variable responses on gas production between species' leaves due to PEG supplementation demonstrate adverse effects of tannins on depressed feed digestibility. Improved gas production and digestibility were due to the ability of PEG to bind and complex tannins, and recover feed nutrients bound by tannins. EFFECT OF TANNINS ON BROWSE LEAVES UTILIZATIONTherefore, utilization of these browse species' leaves as protein supplements to ruminants could be optimized through reduction of levels of phenolic and tannin anti-nutritional factors (ANFs).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Content of phenolic, extractable and bound condensed tannins and their effect on <i>in vitro</i> gas production from browse leaves

Rubanza¹,

Shem²,

Otsyina³

et al. 2005

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…Calliandra calothyrsus is a shrub legume that occurs throughout the tropics and sub-tropics, and is potentially a valuable livestock forage because of its high protein content and digestibility. However, there are reports of low digestibility for some accessions, but not others, and many researchers have related this disparity to the variable concentrations of tannins (Kumar & Singh, 1984;Ahn et al 1989;Salawu et al 1997Salawu et al , 1999Mupangwa et al 2000). An evaluation of more than twenty calliandra accessions for their nutritive value and CT content has shown that CT contents range from a trace (<10 g/kg DM), to low (10-30 g/kg DM), medium (40-60 g/kg DM) or high (>60 g/kg DM; Balogun, 1998).…”

Section: Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

2005

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Plant secondary metabolites, which include a wide variety of phytochemicals, have always been constituents of the diets of man and other animals. Although a high proportion of these phytochemicals have been considered to be of little value in plants (although this view is changing), they have frequently been shown to have adverse effects on animals when ingested. The effects depend to a great extent on the chemistry of the compounds, their concentration in the diet and the amount consumed, and are further dependent on the health status of the animals. Traditionally, most studies of the effects of these compounds on animals have focused on their adverse effects and how to alleviate them. However, recent public concern about the use of synthetic compounds in animal diets to enhance performance and health and welfare issues, coupled with changes in regulations on the use of synthetic medicaments, has stimulated interest and research in the use and effects of phytochemicals in the diets of farmed animals. Phytochemicals vary in their chemistry but can be divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, of which a wide variety of polyphenolic and terpenoid compounds, as well as alkaloids, carbohydrates and non-protein amino acids, invoke special interest. The chemistry, biochemistry and mechanisms of action of these compounds in plants and their effects in animals when ingested will be explored. Phytochemicals: Effects in animalsAs plant secondary metabolites (PSM) are an extremely large group of compounds, a comprehensive overview of their biochemistry, bioactivity and chemistry is not possible in a relatively short review paper. The importance of PSM in ecology, human foods and animal feeds, and as pharmaceuticals with chemical and biochemical attributes has already been described in some detail

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“…Species of the genus Cassia have been also used as laxative, purgative, antipyretic, antiviral, as well as anti-inflammatory agents. Phytochemical analysis of certain Cassia species led to the isolation of flavonoids, anthraquinones, proanthocyanidins and condensed tannins (7)(8)(9). The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic concentration and antioxidant properties of defatted methanolic extracts of seven Egyptian Cassia species by using the phosphomolybdate and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging methods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts of the leaves of seven Egyptian Cassia species

El‐Hashash¹,

Abd-Elgawad²,

El-Sayed³

et al. 2010

Acta Pharmaceutica

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Content of soluble and bound condensed tannins of three tropical herbaceous forage legumes

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Content of phenolic, extractable and bound condensed tannins and their effect on <i>in vitro</i> gas production from browse leaves

Content of phenolic, extractable and bound condensed tannins and their effect on <i>in vitro</i> gas production from browse leaves

Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts of the leaves of seven Egyptian Cassia species

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