Content of macronutrients in oat (Avena sativa L.) after remediation of soil polluted with cobalt

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the remediation effect of various substances (manure, clay, charcoal, zeolite and calcium oxide) on limiting the influence of high cobalt doses (0, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg of soil) on the content of macroelements in grain, straw and roots of oat. The doses of cobalt applied in this experiment as well as soil amendments such as manure, clay, charcoal, zeolite and calcium oxide had a significant effect on the content of the analysed macronutrients in grain, straw and roots of oat. In the series without any neutralising substances, the soil contamination with cobalt caused an increase in the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium, calcium and, partly, potassium, in grain, straw and roots of oat. Among the neutralising substances tested, the most unambiguous effect was produced by manure, which raised the content of all macronutrients (except calcium and magnesium) in oat grain, straw and roots. The influence of the other substances on the content of macronutrients in oat plants was less equivocal. However, all of them, especially calcium oxide, tended to induce a decrease in the content of most macronutrients in grain, straw and roots of oat.

Macroelement content in plants after amendment application to cobalt-contaminated soil

“…Increasing doses of cobalt increased the content of majority macroelements (phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, and calcium) and decreased content of potassium in oats . In other research, cobalt soil contamination increased the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, and sodium in oat organs-grain, straw, and roots (Kosiorek and Wyszkowski 2019). The same relations between cobalt contamination and macroelement contents (except potassium) in plants, especially white mustard, were observed in the present study.…”

“…Compost also resulted in a decrease in phosphorus content of maize shoots (Sivitskaya and Wyszkowski 2013) and in potassium content of various plants (Ciećko et al 2004(Ciećko et al , 2005. The manure increased the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium in all organs of oats-grain, straw, and roots (Kosiorek and Wyszkowski 2019). The above relationships are also confirmed by own study, as in the objects with the addition of manure, an increase in phosphorus content was noted in white mustard and spring barley shoots, and an increase in potassium and magnesium contents in white mustard roots.…”

“…Kaniuczak et al (2004a, b) demonstrated that liming of soils promotes a decrease in cobalt content of the spring barley grains and of potato tubers and green matter of fodder sunflower. Calcium oxide decreased the content of most macronutrients in oat grain, straw, and roots (Kosiorek and Wyszkowski 2019). Therefore, it can be concluded that manure and calcium oxide applied in this experiment are amendments which not only have a positive effect on properties of soil and an increase in selected macroelement content in test plants, but, most importantly, can lead to reduction toxic cobalt content in plants.…”

“…A positive effect of charcoal on increase in availability of selected macroelements was also noted in own study, as in objects with addition of charcoal, there was a significant increase in nitrogen content of spring barley shoots, and in the potassium content of spring barley all organs and white mustard shoots. The effect of charcoal and zeolite on the macroelement content in oat organs was less equivocal (Kosiorek and Wyszkowski 2019).…”

Decoding Heavy Metal Stress Signalling in Plants: Towards Improved Food Security and Safety

“…Even though this section mainly focused on the top two most toxic heavy metals, thallium and zirconium, the toxicity and risk to human health of the other heavy metals (in the top five) should not be ignored. The toxicity of the other three metals (in the top five) was previously discussed by Baumann et al [ 28 ] and Gupta et al [ 29 ] (uranium), Ha et al [ 30 ] (arsenic), and Hu et al [ 31 ] and Kosiorek and Wyszkowski [ 32 ] (cobalt). According to the USEPA ( Table 1 ), 0.8 µg of thallium per day is allowed for an 80 kg person.…”