Content of Bioactive Constituents and Antioxidant Potential of Galium L. species

Abstract

Qualitative phytochemical analyses of eight species from the genus Galium (G. corrudifolium, G. cruciata, G. divaricatum, G. lucidum, G. mollugo, G. palustre, G. parisiense, and G. verum), followed by spectrophotometric evaluation of their total phenolic, flavonoid and iridoid content, as well as antiradical capacity, were conducted. G. cruciata contained the greatest amount of total phenolics (111.00 mg gallic acid equivalents g-1 dry extract), while G. verum had the greatest amount of flavonoids (23.11 mg quercetin equivalents g-1 dry extract) and iridoids (461.30 mg aucubin equivalents g-1 dry extract). The best antioxidant (antiradical) activity was shown by G. cruciata (IC50 (ABTS) = 30.30 µg mL-1 ; IC50 (DPPH) = 27.62 µg mL-1), followed by G. divaricatum, G. verum and G. palustre. The same species were rich in various bioactive constituents and would be appropriate for inclusion in further investigations considering their biomedical potential.

Recent Updates Regarding the Antiproliferative Activity of Galium verum Extracts on A375 Human Malignant Melanoma Cell Line

“…Compared to the studies reported in the specialized literature, it seems that both the extraction technique and the plant/solvent ratio used significantly influence the extraction yield [56,83,84]. Our results are lower than the results of other studies reported, but the differences can be related to the quality of the plant material as well as the solvent used [85,86].…”

“…The authors reported an IC 50 between 3.10 µg/mL and 8.04 µg/mL for the alcoholic extract depending on the geographical area of the plant. Another study conducted by Friščić et al [86] reports an IC 50 of 30.72 µg/mL for 80% Galium verum L. methanol extract. Also, other research studies report lower values compared with ours for the antioxidant capacity of Galium sp.…”

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Antioxidants from Lotus corniculatus

“…Their content often correlates with DPPH RSA. [32] However, in this research the content of the investigated groups of phenolic compounds and RSA IC50 were influenced by different parameters. Low influence of the polyphenols on radical scavenging activity may also be inferred from the fact that the determination coefficient for correlation between RSA IC50 and TP, TF, TPA as well as individual flavonoid derivatives content were all very low (0.0098 < r 2 < 0.0457) with P > 0.05 deeming them highly insignificant.…”

The Inhibitory Effect of Flavonoid Aglycones on the Metabolic Activity of CYP3A4 Enzyme

“…It is well-known that the polyphenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids, show various beneficial effects on the human health, that have been demonstrated by various studies. Amongst the many promising health benefits, flavonoids have important biological activities—such as antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, antitumorigenic, and antimutagenic—thus preventing cancer, heart disease, bone loss, and a number of diseases [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Antioxidant property of flavonoids has been most extensively studied and structure-activity (SAR) as well as quantitative structure–activity (QSAR) models have been reported [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”