Contemporary Epizootological and Epidemiological Features of Brucellosis in the Republic of Tajikistan

Abstract

Aim. Study epizootological and epidemiological features of brucellosis on the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan under the conditions of social-economic transformation with evaluation of width and scale of its spread, as well as reasons of the present situation. Materials and methods. Official statistics data, results of expert evaluations, reports, analytical material of national and international organizations, results of clinical and epidemiological analysis were used. Descriptive-evaluative epidemiologic methods, serologic studies of samples obtained from humans, animals, environmental objects between 2000 and 2013; mapping using GIS-technology, as well as statistical analysis were used. Techniques of calculation of DALY index and population infection risk parameter were used. Results. Features of situation by brucellosis were detected, that lay in its wide spread among humans and agricultural animals, changes in morbidity structure, as well as character of its seasonal and territorial spread, connected with predominant effect of social risk factors. Conclusion. Contemporary situation for brucellosis in the Republic of Tajikistan is characterized by a pronounced non-welfare and determined by acting social-economic conditions. The main factors are changes in the conditions of conducting agricultural activity against the background of high level of unemployment and external work migration.

Methodological choices in brucellosis burden of disease assessments: A systematic review

“…There is great variation in the value of DALY per case; the minimum DALY per case is 0.10 presented by Brink [27], followed by the value of Piroozi et al [26] (0.17). On the other end of the spectrum, there are the estimates presented by Kurbonov et al [36] and Tamador [34], respectively 1.69 and 1.00.…”

“…Not all studies considered YLLs caused by brucellosis. In fact, five studies explicitly stated that they did not consider them [25,27,28,30,34], while one study did not provide any information (Table 1) [36]. In the study of Naghavi et al [25], the official registry did not report mortality data for brucellosis.…”

“…followed by the value of Piroozi et al [26] (0.17). On the other end of the spectrum, there are the estimates presented by Kurbonov et al [36] and Tamador [34], respectively 1.69 and 1.00. Extraction grid and definitions).…”

“…The burden assessments retrieved the disease duration from different sources (Table 1). Whilst eleven studies reported how they obtained it, two studies did not specify the process [25,36]. Nine studies derived the duration of brucellosis from the literature.…”

“…Out of the thirteen eligible articles, only one estimated the brucellosis burden globally, the FERG study, by Kirk et al [14]. Others were national or subnational studies, set in Iran (2) [25,26], Kenya (2) [27,28], Greece [29], India [30], Kazakhstan [31], Kyrgyzstan [32], Mongolia [33], Sudan [34], Taiwan [35], and Tajikistan [36](1 each) (Figure 2). One of the studies set up in Kenya [28] and the study in Sudan [34] were sub-national studies, where they presented only sub-national estimates.…”