Contamination of freshly slaughtered pig carcasses with enteropathogenic Yersinia spp.: Distribution, quantification and identification of risk factors

Damme, Inge Van; Berkvens, Dirk; Vanantwerpen, Gerty; Baré, Julie; Houf, Kurt; Wauters, Georges; Zutter, Lieven De

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.03.016

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…enterocolitica and Y . pseudotuberculosis [2;18–23]. Although MALDI-TOF MS has proven to accurately perform species specific identification of Yersinia spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recovery of human pathogenic Y . enterocolitica from rodents could be related to the presence of farmhouses, as was hypothesized for bioserotype 4/O:3 and 3/O:3, for which the presence in rodents is presumed to be related to pig farms and pig slaughterhouses [9;10;23;27]. Despite the isolation of the two human pathogenic bioserotypes in the proximity of livestock farms, no definitive conclusion can be made from this observation, since the animals on the respective farms were not tested for the presence of pathogenic Y .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

et al. 2017

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Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) have been identified as potential carriers of Yersinia enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis, the etiological agents of yersiniosis, the third most reported bacterial zoonosis in Europe. Enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. are most often isolated from rats during yersiniosis cases in animals and humans, and from rats inhabiting farms and slaughterhouses. Information is however lacking regarding the extent to which rats act as carriers of these Yersinia spp.. In 2013, 1088 brown rats across Flanders, Belgium, were tested for the presence of Yersinia species by isolation method. Identification was performed using MALDI-TOF MS, PCR on chromosomal- and plasmid-borne virulence genes, biotyping and serotyping. Yersinia spp. were isolated from 38.4% of the rats. Of these, 53.4% were designated Y. enterocolitica, 0.7% Y. pseudotuberculosis and 49.0% other Yersinia species. Two Y. enterocolitica possessing the virF-, ail- and ystA-gene were isolated. Additionally, the ystB-gene was identified in 94.1% of the other Y. enterocolitica isolates, suggestive for biotype 1A. Three of these latter isolates simultaneously possessed the ail-virulence gene. Significantly more Y. enterocolitica were isolated during winter and spring compared to summer. Based on our findings we can conclude that brown rats are frequent carriers for various Yersinia spp., including Y. pseudotuberculosis and (human pathogenic) Y. enterocolitica which are more often isolated during winter and spring.

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“…enterocolitica and Y . pseudotuberculosis [2;18–23]. Although MALDI-TOF MS has proven to accurately perform species specific identification of Yersinia spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

et al. 2017

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“…The most common transmission routes of bacteria include the route directly from pigs, via the consumption of contaminated pork products or indirectly from pets that were fed raw pork (EFSA 2011, Laukkanen--Ninios et al 2014, EFSA and ECDC 2015, Van Damme et al 2015. It is thought to be the third most common zoonosis in the European Union.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Yersinia Enterocolitica Species in Pig Tonsils and Raw Pork Meat by the Real-Time Pcr and Culture Methods

Ma¹

2017

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of the present study was to establish a rapid and accurate real-time PCR method to detect pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in pork. Yersinia enterocolitica is considered to be a crucial zoonosis, which can provoke diseases both in humans and animals. The classical culture methods designated to detect Y. enterocolitica species in food matrices are often very time-consuming. The chromosomal locus -tag CH49 -3099 gene, that appears in pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains, was applied as DNA target for the 5' nuclease PCR protocol. The probe was labelled at the 5' end with the fluorescent reporter dye (FAM) and at the 3' end with the quencher dye (TAMRA). The real-time PCR cycling parameters included 41 cycles. A Ct value which reached a value higher than 40 constituted a negative result.The developed for the needs of this study qualitative real-time PCR method appeared to give very specific and reliable results. The detection rate of locus -tag CH49 -3099 -positive Y. enterocolitica in 150 pig tonsils was 85 % and 32 % with PCR and culture methods, respectively. Both the Real-time PCR results and culture method results were obtained from material that was enriched during overnight incubation. The subject of the study were also raw pork meat samples. Among 80 samples examined, 7 ones were positive when real-time PCR was applied, and 6 ones were positive when classical culture method was applied. The application of molecular techniques based on the analysis of DNA sequences such as the Real-time PCR enables to detect this pathogenic bacteria very rapidly and with higher specificity, sensitivity and reliability in comparison to classical culture methods.

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“…Pigs are considered to be the largest reservoir of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains. The bacteria can be isolated from feces (Van Damme, Vanantwerpen, Berkvens, & Zutter, 2014), tonsils (Fondrevez et al, 2014;Rahikainen Ibañez et al, 2016), and carcasses during slaughter (Van Damme et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Diversity of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from pigs in a French slaughterhouse over 2 years

et al. 2018

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The pig is one of the main reservoirs of Yersinia enterocolitica strains pathogenic to humans. A description of the Y. enterocolitica population in this reservoir, and accurate discriminatory techniques for typing isolates are needed for prevention, outbreak investigation, and surveillance. This study investigates the genetic diversity of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica isolates obtained from pig tonsils in a French pig slaughterhouse in 2009 (S1) and 2010 (S2). The use of Pulsed‐Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and MLVA as typing techniques was also compared and evaluated. First, a total of 167 isolates (12 of biotype 3 recovered during S1, and 155 of biotype 4 recovered during S1 and S2) were typed by PFGE using the XbaI enzyme. MLVA was then tested on all the biotype 3 isolates in addition to 70 selected biotype 4 isolates recovered over the 2 years. PFGE generated two specific XbaI‐PFGE profiles for biotype 3 isolates. Nine XbaI profiles were obtained for biotype 4, with a higher diversity (ID = 0.599) than biotype 3 (ID = 0.167). Two out of the nine XbaI profiles were reported during both surveys and at different months. MLVA improved the differentiation between isolates; the index of diversity reached 0.621 and 0.958, respectively, for biotype 3 (three MLVA types) and biotype 4 (32 MLVA types). The MLVA types for biotype 4 differed over the two surveys, but some isolates with different MLVA types were genetically closely related. This study provides an initial evaluation of the genetic diversity of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from pigs in France. We show that some PFGE profiles are maintained in the pig production sector, and, through MLVA, that part of the Y. enterocolitica population remained genetically close over the two years. MLVA proved its effectiveness as a tool for investigating pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from pigs.

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Contamination of freshly slaughtered pig carcasses with enteropathogenic Yersinia spp.: Distribution, quantification and identification of risk factors

Cited by 49 publications

References 40 publications

Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

Low prevalence of human enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Flanders

Detection of Yersinia Enterocolitica Species in Pig Tonsils and Raw Pork Meat by the Real-Time Pcr and Culture Methods

Diversity of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from pigs in a French slaughterhouse over 2 years

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