Contamination of commonly consumed raw vegetables with soil transmitted helminth eggs in Mazandaran province, northern Iran

Rostami, Ali; Ebrahimi, Maryam; Mehravar, Saeed; Omrani, Vahid Fallah; Fallahi, Shirzad; Behniafar, Hamed

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.03.013

Cited by 63 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…18,19 In Mazandaran province Factors such as weather conditions, population density, high water level, high humidity and rainfall, extensive agricultural activity, the large number of tourists and the existence of animals in various human environments provided a suitable condition to distribution of intestinal parasites. 3,15 It should be noted that previous studies in Babol city were conducted on a specific group of people. We decided to have more comprehensive research and sampling from the total number of people referring to Babol medical centers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 This infections are related with several complication including iron deficiency anemia, growth retardation, poor educational performance, weight loss, vitamin A deficiency, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and other physical and mental health problems in infected people, especially among children, elderly people and immunocompromised patients. [2][3][4] Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) (i.e. Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Strongyloides stercoralis and some of the Taenia spp.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasite infections in Mazandaran province, North of Iran

Gholipoor

Khazan

Azargashb

et al. 2020

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are confirmed as major public health problems, worldwide. Northern Iran is highly endemic area for such infections. This research aimed to study on the prevalence of IPIs among people referred to the health care centers in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional survey, 984 stool samples were collected during 2015-2016. Fresh stool samples were collected from all individuals and examined by direct slide smear, formalin-ether concentration, trichrome and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining techniques. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and Chi-square test. Results: Out of 984 participants, the overall prevalence of IPIs was 12.1% (95 CI, 11.4-12.7; 119/984). The prevalence of protozoa and helminthes infections were 7.9% (95 CI, 7.4-8.3; 109/984) and 5.3% (95 CI, 4.9%-5.5%; 69/984), respectively. The most prevalent protozoan IPs were include Giardia lamblia (3.3%), Entamoeba coli (2%), Blastocystis hominis (1.3%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (1.1%), Entamoeba hartmanni (1.1%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (0.6%). Also major helminthic infections were include Trichostrongylus spp. (2.6%), Hookworms (1.7%), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.1%), Hymenolepis nana (0.6%) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0.6%). The results of the univariate analysis revealed that residence (rural being [P = 0.017]) and occupation (farmers [0.033]) were statistically significant risk factor for IPIs. Conclusion: In conclusion, we have found, despite persistent improvement in sanitary conditions over the recent years in northern part of Iran, IPIs are still among the main public health problems in this area. Moreover, helminths infection in our study were considerable. Thus, effective control programs are essential to reduce the incidence of IPIs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasite infections in Mazandaran province, North of Iran

Gholipoor

Khazan

Azargashb

et al. 2020

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hymenolepis nana is the most common tapeworm of humans, especially in young children of developing countries . Its life cycle may be either direct or indirect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoprotective Effect of Chitosan Particles on Hymenolepis nana – Infected Mice

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hymenolepis nana is the most commonly known intestinal cestode infecting mainly human. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of chitosan particles (CSP) to enhance the immune system against H. nana infection. Determination of worm burden, egg output, histopathological changes, oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione), goblet (GCs) and mucosal mast cells (MMCs) counts in intestinal ileum was performed. In addition, levels of intestinal mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-9, stem cell factor (SCF), type I and II interferons (IFN)-α/ γ, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, mucin 2 (MUC2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs) were investigated using real-time PCR. The results indicated induced reductions in adult worm and egg counts in infected mice after CSP treatment. This was associated with improvement in tissue morphometric measurements and oxidative stress which were altered after infection. Expression levels of iNOs, IFN-α, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-9 were decreased by CSP. Conversely, expression levels of MUC2, IL-4 and SCF increased compared to infected untreated group. In addition, GCs and MMCs counts were normalized by CSP. In conclusion, this study could indicate the immunoprotective effect of CSP against H. nana infection. This was characterized with Th2 anti-inflammatory responses.

show abstract

“…ova found per 200 g of vegetable was 14 in parsley, 13 in lettuce, 9 in spinach, 8 in mint, 7 in radish, and 4 in green onion. The most likely source of contamination in this study was believed to be sewage effluent contaminating river water that is used for vegetable irrigation (Rostami et al, 2016).…”

Section: Raw Sewage and Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Trichuris trichiura

Izurieta¹,

Ortiz²,

Ochoa-Capello³

2019

Water and Sanitation for the 21st Century: Health and Microbiological Aspects of Excreta and Wastewater Management (Global Wate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contamination of commonly consumed raw vegetables with soil transmitted helminth eggs in Mazandaran province, northern Iran

Cited by 63 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasite infections in Mazandaran province, North of Iran

Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasite infections in Mazandaran province, North of Iran

Immunoprotective Effect of Chitosan Particles on Hymenolepis nana – Infected Mice

Trichuris trichiura

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About