Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia: The first isolation and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

El-Deeb, Wael; Almujalli, Abdul Aziz; Eljalii, I.M.; Elmoslemany, Ahmed; Fayez, Mahmoud

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.01.017

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similarly, in Saudi Arabia 29% positivity, 55 Mccp isolates out of 190 pleural fluid samples of CCPP, was noted by El-Deeb et al. (2017) also using specific PCR. Hussain et al.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 61%

“…1996; OIE 2014; El-Deeb et al. 2017). Blood samples can be collected by jugular venipuncture and serum can be harvested and stored at 4 °C.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One gram of minced tissue is mixed with 9 ml of modified pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO) medium (OIE 2014; El-Deeb et al. 2017) and stored for further analysis.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia – a comprehensive review

Yatoo

Parray

Bashir

et al. 2019

Veterinary Quarterly

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Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a serious disease of goats, occasionally sheep and wild ruminants, caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). The disease is characterized by severe serofibrinous pleuropneumonia, very high morbidity ($100%), and mortality (80-100%). CCPP affects goats in more than 40 countries of the world thereby posing a serious threat to goat farming around the globe. The characteristic clinical signs of CCPP are severe respiratory distress associated with sero-mucoid nasal discharge, coughing, dyspnea, pyrexia, pleurodynia, and general malaise. In later stages, severe lobar fibrinous pleuropneumonia, profuse fluid accumulation in pleural cavity, severe congestion of lungs and adhesion formation is observed. Mycoplasmal antigen interactions with host immune system and its role in CCPP pathogenesis are not clearly understood. CCPP is not a zoonotic disease. Diagnosis has overcome cumbersome and lengthy conventional tests involving culture, isolation, and identification by advanced serological (LAT, cELISA) or gene-based amplification of DNA (PCR, RFLP, and hybridization) and sequencing. The latex agglutination test (LAT) is rapid, simple, and better test for field and real-time diagnosis applicable to whole blood or serum and is more sensitive than the CFT and easier than the cELISA. Moreover, the studies on antibiotic sensitivity and exploration of novel antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, macrolides) can help in better therapeutic management besides preventing menace of antibiotic resistance. Re-visiting conventional prophylactic measures focussing on developing novel strain-based or recombinant vaccines using specific antigens (capsular or cellular) should be the most important strategy for controlling the disease worldwide.

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“…Similarly, in Saudi Arabia 29% positivity, 55 Mccp isolates out of 190 pleural fluid samples of CCPP, was noted by El-Deeb et al. (2017) also using specific PCR. Hussain et al.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 61%

“…1996; OIE 2014; El-Deeb et al. 2017). Blood samples can be collected by jugular venipuncture and serum can be harvested and stored at 4 °C.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia – a comprehensive review

Yatoo

Parray

Bashir

et al. 2019

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…Approximately 507 million US dollars are lost yearly in endemic areas due to morbidity, mortality, and loss of production, in addition to costs involved in the prevention, control, and treatment [4,14]. Recent emergence of CCPP in newer areas, like Afghanistan [24], Mauritius [22], Tajikistan [25], Pakistan [26], India [4,5], China [27,28], Saudi Arabia [29], and Qatar [30], as well as increased incidence of outbreaks in prevalent areas like Ethiopia [31], Kenya [32,33], Tanzania [34], Turkey [35], and the African Union [1] has also raised concerns. Outbreaks are even occurring in wild animals [36,37,38], endangering the neighboring countries as there is always a risk of spreading the disease [5,39,40].…”

Section: Need For Ccpp Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Candidates for Vaccine Development Against Mycoplasma Capricolum Subspecies Capripneumoniae (Mccp)—Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

et al. 2019

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Exploration of novel candidates for vaccine development against Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp), the causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), has recently gained immense importance due to both the increased number of outbreaks and the alarming risk of transboundary spread of disease. Treatment by antibiotics as the only therapeutic strategy is not a viable option due to pathogen persistence, economic issues, and concerns of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, prophylactics or vaccines are becoming important under the current scenario. For quite some time inactivated, killed, or attenuated vaccines proved to be beneficial and provided good immunity up to a year. However, their adverse effects and requirement for larger doses led to the need for production of large quantities of Mccp. This is challenging because the required culture medium is costly and Mycoplasma growth is fastidious and slow. Furthermore, quality control is always an issue with such vaccines. Currently, novel candidate antigens including capsular polysaccharides (CPS), proteins, enzymes, and genes are being evaluated for potential use as vaccines. These have shown potential immunogenicity with promising results in eliciting protective immune responses. Being easy to produce, specific, effective and free from side effects, these novel vaccine candidates can revolutionize vaccination against CCPP. Use of novel proteomic approaches, including sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectroscopy, fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), bioinformatics, computerized simulation and genomic approaches, including multilocus sequence analysis, next-generation sequencing, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), gene expression, and recombinant expression, will further enable recognition of ideal antigenic proteins and virulence genes with vaccination potential.

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“…This highly contagious disease (CCPP) was first described in Algeria in 1873 and in South Africa in 1881 (OIE, 2014). The aetiological agent, Mccp, was first isolated and identified in Kenya (OIE, 2014).The disease in goats has been reported in several Eastern African, Asian and Eastern European countries (El-Deeb et al, 2017;Nicholas and Churchward, 2012;Awan et al, 2010;Srivastava et al Centikaya et al, 2009;Ozdemir et al, 2005). A significant small ruminant population in Kenya is found in the arid and semi-arid lands (MoLFD, 2009) that border National game parks /reserves teeming with wild ruminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematode Infection Depresses Humoral Immune Responses of Goats to Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae Vaccine Antigens

Noah¹,

Mwajar²,

Namasaka³

et al. 2018

JAHP

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Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capri pneumoniae (Mccp) causes contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), a disease of goats characterised with a high morbidity and mortality in non vaccinated goats. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of nematode infection on humouralimmune responses to Mccp vaccine in goats. Forty (40) goats, aged 9-12 months, were randomly allocated to four groups of ten. Group A were orally inoculated with infective stages of nematodes followed by immunization with inactivated Mccp vaccine after 3 weeks. Group B were not inoculated with nematodes but immunized as Group A. Group C were inoculated with infective stages of nematodes but not vaccinated as in A. Group D was neither inoculated nor vaccinated. Clinical observations and records were done daily at 8.30 AM, blood for sera analysis was collected weekly, while pathological data was collected at post-mortem. Analysis of variance and Tukey Honest Significant Difference, a post hoc test, multiple comparisons of means were performed. The results showed that immune response to Mycoplasma vaccine antigens in helminth infected group (A) was significantly lower than that in vaccinated none helminth infected (B) group (p<0.05).Evidence from this study indicates that worm infection impacts negatively on immune response to vaccine antigens. Thus, we recommend that deworming exercise should be carried out before planned vaccinations are carried out.

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Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia: The first isolation and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia – a comprehensive review

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia – a comprehensive review

Novel Candidates for Vaccine Development Against Mycoplasma Capricolum Subspecies Capripneumoniae (Mccp)—Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

Nematode Infection Depresses Humoral Immune Responses of Goats to Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae Vaccine Antigens

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