“…We included several control variables that may be correlated with the relations between intergenerational proximity and depression: age (Copp et al, 2017), gender (Sun et al, 2011), Hukou (Shu & Yang, 2014), socioeconomic status (Xu, 2018), health condition (Choi et al, 2019), the presence of kinship (Ren & Treiman, 2015), intergenerational economic support (Lei, 2013), and survey year. Age was a continuous variable, and the square of age was used to measure the curvilinear relationship between age and depression.…”