Contact Resistance Behavior of Land Grid Array Sockets at Cryogenic Temperatures Required for Quantum Measurements

Ezzouine, Zakaryae; Danovitch, David; Béchou, Laurent; Pioro‐Ladrière, Michel; Lacerte, Michael

doi:10.1109/tcpmt.2021.3060968

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For other applications, cryogenic temperature capabilities with minimal parasitic light leakage can be the main objectives, while still maintaining full galvanic isolation. This is the case for liquid argon or liquid xenon high-voltage time-projection chambers for fundamental neutrino detection and dark matter studies, or for cosmic muon research [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. For applications requiring kilometers of optical power transmission, it is advantageous to develop PoF systems based on economically viable solutions, for example, using standard single-mode fiber (SMF) or multi-mode (MM) fiber cables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of Power-over-Fiber with Watts of Output Power Capabilities over Kilometers or at Cryogenic Temperatures

Fafard,

Masson

2024

Photonics

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We demonstrate the use of laser diodes and multijunction photovoltaic power converters to efficiently deliver watts of electrical power for long-distance or cryogenic applications. Transmission through single-mode and multi-mode fibers at the wavelengths of 808 nm and 1470/1550 nm are studied. An electrical output power of ~0.1 W is obtained after a 5 km transmission through a standard single-mode SMF28 fiber fed with 0.25 W of optical power. An electrical output power of ~1 W is demonstrated after a 5 km transmission with a standard OM1 multi-mode fiber fed with ~2.5 W. Photovoltaic conversion efficiencies reaching Eff ~49% are obtained with an output voltage of ~5 V using commercial multijunction laser power converters. For low-temperature applications, an ultra-sensitive silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is used to detect the residual light leaked from fibers as the temperature is decreased. Our study demonstrates that specific fiber types enable low-loss transmission compatible with cryogenic requirements and without light leakage triggering of the SiPM. A cryogenic power-over-fiber system at ~1470 nm is demonstrated with ~2 W of electrical power converted over a 10 m distance having a conversion efficiency of Eff > 65% at 77 K.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of Power-over-Fiber with Watts of Output Power Capabilities over Kilometers or at Cryogenic Temperatures

Fafard,

Masson

2024

Photonics

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“…In [3], a land grid array (LGA) structure was proposed as a reliable vertical interconnect for electronic packaging. Some related research, including reliability assessments and contact resistance predictions, were carried out to accurately evaluate and predict the performance of LGA-like structures [4][5][6][7]. For example, Xie et al presented an accurate methodology to assess the operating reliability of LGA structure using fitted distribution functions, which could be extensively applied to describe the characteristics of similar structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiphysics Analysis and Optimal Design of Compressible Micro-Interconnect for 2.5D/3D Heterogeneous Integration

et al. 2021

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Compressible Micro-Interconnect (CMI) shows tremendous potential in 2.5D/3D heterogeneous integration due to its outstanding performance in integration, electrical isolation, and thermal management. In this work, an optimal design approach for CMIs is developed based on a coupling framework of multiphysics simulation and particle swarm optimization (PSO). In the framework, the mechanical simulation was conducted firstly to obtain the stress distributions as CMI switched from the initial state to the working position. The contact resistance between CMI and the top pad was modeled and quantitively analyzed. Subsequently, the PSO method was utilized to implement the structural optimization of CMI to improve the performance. Multiphysics simulations of both the original and optimized CMIs were carried out and compared. With the implementation of the optimized CMIs, the contact resistance dropped from 155.3 mΩ to 108.8 mΩ, which brought significant improvement in both DC voltage drop and self-heating effect. The influence of the self-heating effect on the electrical performance of CMI is also discussed qualitatively.

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Contact Resistance Behavior of Land Grid Array Sockets at Cryogenic Temperatures Required for Quantum Measurements

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Demonstration of Power-over-Fiber with Watts of Output Power Capabilities over Kilometers or at Cryogenic Temperatures

Demonstration of Power-over-Fiber with Watts of Output Power Capabilities over Kilometers or at Cryogenic Temperatures

Multiphysics Analysis and Optimal Design of Compressible Micro-Interconnect for 2.5D/3D Heterogeneous Integration

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