Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis: Effect of Electrolyte Conductivity on Discharge Voltage

Alteri, Giovanni Battista; Bonomo, Matteo; Decker, F.; Dini, Danilo

doi:10.3390/catal10101104

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The reverse voltage point is obtained by the relationship that the higher the conductivity of the solution, the lower the voltage of the turning point. This is like what was stated by previous researchers [7,12]. High conductivity makes the current density also high at the same voltage and makes the energy dissipation at the anode higher.…”

Section: Characterization Of Current As a Function Of Voltagesupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Plasma Electrolysis in Water: Alternative Technologies for Hydrogen Production

2022

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Plasma electrolysis has been studied as an alternative method for generating hydrogen. A plasma reactor is used in this electrolysis to produce glowing plasma and the reactive interface fluid layer has an asymmetrical spiral-rod electrodes configuration. Plasma electrolysis was carried out in 2 positions at the surface of the solution and at a depth of 5 mm. On the surface, it is divided into 4 regions of I-V characteristics, namely the conventional electrolysis area, the plasma formation region, the gas formation area that covers the anode, and the glowing plasma region. While at a depth of 5 mm, the formation of plasma with a voltage of 500 V takes 120 seconds to heat the solution with a conventional electrolysis mechanism around the anode. Glowing plasma at a depth of 5 mm resembles the shape of a ball with a larger diameter as the addition of stress and the addition of the concentration of NaCl solution. The mechanism for the formation of hydrogen molecules occurs in the reactive interfacial fluid layer. The plasma ball will increase with a greater voltage. The enlargement of the glowing plasma with increasing operating voltage shows that voltage is a very important factor in the generation of plasma in water. The diameter of the glowing plasma sphere produced for electrolysis at the surface of the solution and at a depth of 5 mm in the solution always increases with increasing voltage. Furthermore, the greater the molarity of the NaCl solution in water, the larger the glowing plasmasphere. The production of hydrogen increases as the voltage increases, this is indicated by the increase in spectrum intensity Hδ and H2. HIGHLIGHTS A unique coronavirus epidemic that has swept throughout the globe is examined and analysed COVID-19 outbreaks in various places are analysed using machine learning models, which are visualised using charts, tables, graphs and predictions depending on the available data For prediction models, the time series forecasting package (PROPHET) is utilised as part of machine learning GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Section: Characterization Of Current As a Function Of Voltagesupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Plasma Electrolysis in Water: Alternative Technologies for Hydrogen Production

2022

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“…Based on the obtained results, the j-U characteristics are divided into four different stages; stage A (50-350 V), stage B (400 V), stage C (400-500 V), and stage D (500-600 V). [61][62][63] In stage A, the current density increases as a function of the applied voltage, which complies with Ohm's law and Faraday's law of electrolysis. During this stage, the evolution of the gaseous envelope was observed around the electrode/electrolyte interface, and the intensity of the gaseous envelope gradually increased with increasing the voltage, as shown in Figure 2b.…”

Section: J-u Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 71%

In‐Liquid Plasma for Surface Engineering of Cu Electrodes with Incorporated SiO₂ Nanoparticles: From Micro to Nano

Menezes

Elnagar

Al-Shakran

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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A robust and efficient route to modify the chemical and physical properties of polycrystalline copper (Cu) wires via versatile plasma electrolysis is presented. Silica (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles (11 nm) are introduced during the electrolysis to tailor the surface structure of the Cu electrode. The influence of these SiO 2 nanoparticles on the structure of the Cu electrodes during plasma electrolysis over a wide array of applied voltages and processing time is investigated systematically. Homogeneously distributed 3D coral-like microstructures are observed by scanning electron microscopy on the Cu surface after the in-liquid plasma treatment. These 3D microstructures grow with increasing plasma processing time. Interestingly, the microstructured copper electrode is composed of CuO as a thin outer layer and a significant amount of inner Cu 2 O. Furthermore, the oxide film thickness (between 1 and 70 µm), the surface morphology, and the chemical composition can be tuned by controlling the plasma parameters. Remarkably, the fabricated microstructures can be transformed to nanospheres assembled in coral-like microstructures by a simple electrochemical treatment.

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“…Such specific surface structure might be driven by the innate propensity of the system to reach a local energy minimum. (500−600 V) [58][59][60] . In stage A, the current density increases as a function of the applied voltage, which complies with Ohm's law and Faraday's law of electrolysis.…”

Section: Effect Of Sio 2 Nanoparticles On Plasma Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

In-liquid plasma for surface engineering of Cu electrodes with incorporated SiO2 nanoparticles: From micro to nano

Menezes

Elnagar

Al-Shakran

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A robust and efficient route to modify the chemical and physical properties of polycrystalline Cu wires via versatile plasma electrolysis is presented. Silica nanoparticles (11 nm) have been introduced during the electrolysis to tailor the surface structure of the Cu electrode. The influence of these silica nanoparticles on the structure of the Cu electrodes during plasma electrolysis over a wide array of applied voltages and processing time is investigated systematically. Homogeneously distributed 3D coral-like microstructures are observed by scanning electron microscopy on the Cu surface after the in-liquid plasma treatment. These 3D microstructures grow with increasing plasma processing time. Interestingly, the microstructured copper electrode is composed of Cu(II) oxide as a thin outer shell and a significant amount of inner Cu(I) oxide. Furthermore, the oxide film thickness (between 1 and 70 µm), the surface morphology, and the chemical composition can be tuned by controlling the plasma parameters. Remarkably, the fabricated microstructures can be transformed to nanospheres assembled in coral-like microstructures by a simple electrochemical treatment.

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Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis: Effect of Electrolyte Conductivity on Discharge Voltage

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Study of Plasma Electrolysis in Water: Alternative Technologies for Hydrogen Production

Study of Plasma Electrolysis in Water: Alternative Technologies for Hydrogen Production

In‐Liquid Plasma for Surface Engineering of Cu Electrodes with Incorporated SiO₂ Nanoparticles: From Micro to Nano

In-liquid plasma for surface engineering of Cu electrodes with incorporated SiO2 nanoparticles: From micro to nano

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Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis: Effect of Electrolyte Conductivity on Discharge Voltage

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Study of Plasma Electrolysis in Water: Alternative Technologies for Hydrogen Production

Study of Plasma Electrolysis in Water: Alternative Technologies for Hydrogen Production

In‐Liquid Plasma for Surface Engineering of Cu Electrodes with Incorporated SiO2 Nanoparticles: From Micro to Nano

In-liquid plasma for surface engineering of Cu electrodes with incorporated SiO2 nanoparticles: From micro to nano

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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In‐Liquid Plasma for Surface Engineering of Cu Electrodes with Incorporated SiO₂ Nanoparticles: From Micro to Nano