Contact Dermatitis Due to Formaldehyde in Clothing Textiles

O'Quinn, Silas E.

doi:10.1001/jama.1965.03090190015003

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Allergic contact dermatitis due to formaldehyde present in textiles was commonly reported in the literature in the 1950s and 1960s (5)(6)(7)(8). In recent years, the textile industry has attempted to lower the amount of free formaldehyde in wearing apparel and bedding fabrics, and reports of contact allergy to textiles caused by formaldehyde have become less common (4,9,10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde‐related textile allergy: an update

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Part I of this study explores whether clothing today contains formaldehyde levels likely to cause contact allergy in formaldehyde-allergic patients. Part II of this study examines whether current reactions to textiles may be due to allergy to textile resins and whether individuals with formaldehyde-related textile allergy will react to the newer low formaldehyde resins used in the textile industry. Part I: free formaldehyde was measured in 16 fabric specimens produced in the US and overseas. Additionally, since the textile industry has moved to the use of newer methods for measuring fabric formaldehyde content, the newer methodology was compared with the older methods used in the medical literature. Part II: 10 subjects with known textile contact allergy were patch tested to available Chemotechnique textile resins and 6 new low-formaldehyde resins used by the textile industry. Part I: 8 fabric specimens yielded no detectable formaldehyde and 7 specimens yielded <200 ppm free formaldehyde, using Schiff's reagent and Merck testing methods. 1 specimen showed approximately 2000 ppm formaldehyde, as measured by the Merck test, but only 24 ppm free formaldehyde when retested by the method described in Japanese Law #112. Part II: all subjects reacted strongly to formaldehyde and DMDHEU (the predominant resin currently used in textiles). 6 subjects reacted to EUMF. 2 subjects had mild reactions to the newer low-formaldehyde resins and 1 to the non-formaldehyde Fixapret NF. Our results suggest that most clothing today yields free formaldehyde levels unlikely to cause contact allergy in formaldehyde-allergic individuals. Japanese method #112 is the recommended methodology to measure free formaldehyde in future studies. DMDHEU may now represent the main cause of textile allergy and may be a better screen than EUMF for this problem. Newer resins yielding fabrics with <75 ppm free formaldehyde may cause occasional reactions, but are more likely to be tolerated by individuals with textile contact allergy. Treatment of these individuals should be directed at identification of reliable sources of garments utilizing these newer resins.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde‐related textile allergy: an update

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gelatin, as a biodegradable polymer, is required a crosslinker formaldehyde to improve the general properties of microcapsules Huang, Cheng, Yu, Tsai, & Cham, 2007). However, formaldehyde can cause respiratory stimulations (Kulle, 1993) and allergic contact dermatitis (O'Quinn & Barrett Kennedy, 1965). Therefore, agar was integrated with gelatin as wall matrix materials in microcapsule production to avoid these problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel green gelatin–agar microencapsulation system with P. urinaria as an improved anti-A. niger model

Lam

Kok

Ho³

et al. 2013

Carbohydrate Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Dermal irritation, lacrimation and respiratory effects are common after exposure to formaldehyde (Porter 1975;Shellow and Altman 1966). Chronic exposure to formaldehyde causes allergic dermatitis (Quinn and Kennedy 1965), ocular damage and damage to tissue of the gastric-intestinal tract (Bartone et al, 1968). In animal experiments, chronic formaldehyde inhalation at 15 ppm resulted in the induction of squamous cell carcinoma in the nasal cavities of Fisher 344 rats and B6C3Fl mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%