Consumption of soybean or olive oil at recommended concentrations increased the intestinal microbiota diversity and insulin sensitivity and prevented fatty liver compared to the effects of coconut oil

López-Salazar, Valeria; Tapia, Mónica; Tobón-Cornejo, Sandra; Díaz, Daniel; Alemán, Gabriela; Granados‐Portillo, Omar; Noriega, Lilia G.; Tovar, Armando R.; Torres, Nimbe

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108751

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Rats were placed in a non-invasive in vivo calorimetric chamber of an Oxymax open circuit indirect calorimeter (Oxymax, Columbus Instruments, Columbus, OH, USA) to assess energy expenditure using measurements of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production for 24 h as previously described [ 5 ]. The respiratory exchange ratio (RER), which represents the ratio between the volume of CO 2 produced by the body and the amount of O 2 consumed, was assessed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several factors have been involved in the development of cognitive dysfunction, including dysbiosis in the gut microbiota [ 2 ], increase in oxidative stress in the central nervous system [ 3 ], and possibly other metabolic abnormalities in other organs of the body, particularly in the liver. In obesity, which is often associated with consumption of a high fat and sugar diet, an imbalance in the gut microbiota was found to be associated with impaired gut barrier function and translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inflammation in various tissues, such as liver, adipose, and brain tissue [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Furthermore, a crosstalk between adipose tissue and the brain was suggested to contribute to cognitive deficits [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive Foods Decrease Liver and Brain Alterations Induced by a High-Fat-Sucrose Diet through Restoration of Gut Microbiota and Antioxidant Enzymes

et al. 2021

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Obesity is associated with cognitive deficit and liver alterations; however, it remains unclear whether a combination of functional foods could reverse cognitive damage and to what extent it would be associated with changes in gut microbiota and liver. With this aim, male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat-5%sucrose diet (HFS) for 4 mo. And were then fed for 1 mo. with bioactive foods. At the end of this period, liver, serum, feces, intestine, and brain samples were taken. Body composition, energy expenditure, LPS, hormones, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, behavioral tests, and gut microbiota were evaluated. We showed that male rats fed high-fat-sucrose diet developed gut microbiota dysbiosis, increased in body fat, decreased antioxidant activity, decreased brain neuropeptide Y, increased the number of astrocytes and activated microglia, along with reduced spine density associated with deficits in working memory. Ingestion of a combination of nopal, soy protein, curcumin, and chia seed oil (bioactive foods) for three months was associated with an increase in a cluster of bacteria with anti-inflammatory capacity, a decrease in serum LPS levels and an increase in serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) with neuroprotective properties. In the liver, ingestion of bioactive food significantly increased antioxidant enzymes, decreased lipogenesis, reduced inflammation mediated by the TLR4-TNFα pathway along with a decrease in body fat, glucose intolerance, and metabolic inflexibility. Finally, neuroinflammation in the brain was reduced and working memory improved. Our study demonstrates that consumption of bioactive foods was associated with reduced liver, brain, and gut microbiota alterations in obese rats.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Foods Decrease Liver and Brain Alterations Induced by a High-Fat-Sucrose Diet through Restoration of Gut Microbiota and Antioxidant Enzymes

et al. 2021

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“…Endurance exercise maintains the stability of intestinal flora and reverses host mitochondrial functions by inhibiting enteric inflammation and diminishing the reproduction of pathobionts in the intestinal tract ( Clark and Mach, 2017 ). Plant-based diets or consumption of unsaturated fatty acids can improve gut microbiota diversity and symbiotic homeostasis and recover mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid oxidation ( López-Salazar et al, 2021 ), resulting in enhanced satiety, increased energy expenditure, and elevated insulin sensitivity, ultimately ameliorating AS by reducing body fat and maintaining glycemic stability. However, the therapeutic effects of exercise and dietary changes are limited.…”

Section: Natural Compounds In Herbal Medicine Regulating Intestinal F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria as novel mediators linking gut microbiota to atherosclerosis that is ameliorated by herbal medicine: A review

Yang

Jin

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is characterized by endothelial damage, lipid deposition, and chronic inflammation. Gut microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence and development of AS by regulating host metabolism and immunity. As human mitochondria evolved from primordial bacteria have homologous characteristics, they are attacked by microbial pathogens as target organelles, thus contributing to energy metabolism disorders, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Therefore, mitochondria may be a key mediator of intestinal microbiota disorders and AS aggravation. Microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, and bile acids, also affect mitochondrial function, including mtDNA mutation, oxidative stress, and mitophagy, promoting low-grade inflammation. This further damages cellular homeostasis and the balance of innate immunity, aggravating AS. Herbal medicines and their monomers can effectively ameliorate the intestinal flora and their metabolites, improve mitochondrial function, and inhibit atherosclerotic plaques. This review focuses on the interaction between gut microbiota and mitochondria in AS and explores a therapeutic strategy for restoring mitochondrial function and intestinal microbiota disorders using herbal medicines, aiming to provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of AS.

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“…Free fatty acids derived from adipose tissue breakdown serve as natural nuclear receptor ligands and play a major role in the regulation of NASH-related lipid metabolism and inflammation ( Yadati et al, 2021 ). Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives could activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), which could induce the expressions of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity, and downregulate nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) level ( Geethangili et al, 2021 ; López-Salazar et al, 2021 ). However, in a mouse model of NASH, a diet fed polyunsaturated fatty acids activates PPARα signaling and inhibits hepatic de novo fat synthesis, but does not prevent steatohepatitis ( Ishida et al, 2021 ), which is likely to high levels of hepatic lipid peroxidation in this model abolished the protective effect of PPARα activation and resulted in lipotoxic hepatocyte injury and inflammatory cells recruitment.…”

Section: Intrahepatic Factors In Nashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent evaluation about inflammatory mechanisms in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Long

Huang

2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common chronic metabolic liver disorder which is associated with fat accumulation in the liver. It causes a wide range of pathological effects such as insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases. The molecular mechanisms that cause the initiation and progression of NAFLD remain fully unclear. Inflammation is regarded as a significant mechanism which could result in cell death and tissue injury. Accumulation of leukocytes and hepatic inflammation are important contributors in NAFLD. Excessive inflammatory response can deteriorate the tissue injury in NAFLD. Thus, inhibition of inflammation improves NAFLD by reducing intrahepatic fat content, increasing β-oxidation of fatty acids, inducing hepato-protective autophagy, overexpressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- γ (PPAR-γ), as well as attenuating hepatocyte apoptosis and increasing insulin sensitivity. Therefore, understanding the molecules and signaling pathways suggests us valuable information about NAFLD progression. This review aimed to evaluate the inflammation in NAFLD and the molecular mechanism on NAFLD.

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Consumption of soybean or olive oil at recommended concentrations increased the intestinal microbiota diversity and insulin sensitivity and prevented fatty liver compared to the effects of coconut oil

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Bioactive Foods Decrease Liver and Brain Alterations Induced by a High-Fat-Sucrose Diet through Restoration of Gut Microbiota and Antioxidant Enzymes

Bioactive Foods Decrease Liver and Brain Alterations Induced by a High-Fat-Sucrose Diet through Restoration of Gut Microbiota and Antioxidant Enzymes

Mitochondria as novel mediators linking gut microbiota to atherosclerosis that is ameliorated by herbal medicine: A review

Recent evaluation about inflammatory mechanisms in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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