Consumption of Black Cutworms, &lt;I&gt;Agrotis ipsilon&lt;/I&gt; (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Alternative Prey by Common Golf Course Predators

Frank, Steve; Shrewsbury, Paula M.

doi:10.1603/0046-225x-33.6.1681

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Previous research showed that third-instar A. ipsilon larvae used in the predation experiment were susceptible to many predatory beetles (carabids and staphylinids) and lycosid spiders in laboratory feeding trials (Frank and Shrewsbury 2004). In this experiment, there was more predation on A. ipsilon larvae in fairways where conservation strips were present than where no conservation strips were present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…There are several possible explanations for low levels of predation on pupae. Laboratory feeding trials showed that immobile A. ipsilon pupae were not vulnerable to predation by spiders (Frank and Shrewsbury 2004), which made up nearly 25% of the predator taxa found in turf during 2003. Also, pupae were concealed below ground, whereas larvae were placed on the surface of the ground.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predators attracted to the wildßowers were spiders, Geocoris spp., and Orius spp. Although Braman et al (2002) did not show an increase in predation in turf adjacent to wildßow-ers, these predators have been observed to feed on fall armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), in turf (Braman et al 2002), and on other pests common to turf such as armyworms, Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in no-till corn (Clark et al 1994) and black cutworms, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), in laboratory feeding trials of turf predators (Frank and Shrewsbury 2004). The value of parasitoids in turf systems is not well studied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

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Effect of Conservation Strips on the Abundance and Distribution of Natural Enemies and Predation of <I>Agrotis ipsilon</I> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Golf Course Fairways

Frank

Shrewsbury

2004

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

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Effect of Conservation Strips on the Abundance and Distribution of Natural Enemies and Predation of <I>Agrotis ipsilon</I> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Golf Course Fairways

Frank

Shrewsbury

2004

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“… a Functional group based on predominant feeding behaviour as carnivorous (C), phytophagous (P), unknown (U) and respective reference source: 1 Breene et al (1993), 2 Hoffman (1987), 3 Knisley & Schultz (1997), 4 Johnson & Cameron (1969), 5 Larochelle & Larivière (2003), 6 Best & Beegle (1977), 7 Lindroth (1961–1969), 8 Ball & Bousquet (2001), 9 Jo & Smitley (2003), 10 Crocker & Whitcomb (1980), 11 Lattin (1989), 12 Frank & Shrewsbury (2004) and 12 Bonaldo (2000). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and diversity of ground‐dwelling arthropods of pest management importance in commercial Bt and non‐Bt cotton fields

Torres

Ruberson

2006

Annals of Applied Biology

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The modified population dynamics of pests targeted by the Cry1Ac toxin in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton (Bt cotton) and possible reduced insecticide use in these transgenic varieties may exert a variety of effects on ground-dwelling predator communities. A survey of ground-dwelling arthropods was carried out weekly each of 3 years (during the cropping season) in commercial Bt and non-Bt cotton fields. Sixty-five taxa of ground-dwelling arthropods (carabids, cicindelines, staphylinids, dermapterans, heteropterans and araneids) of importance for cotton pest management were recorded in the survey. Species abundance and dynamics across seasons were evaluated with univariate analysis of variance for higher taxa or multivariate principal response curve analysis for the whole community of 65 taxa. Diversity and richness indices and cumulative species curves also were calculated. The analyses demonstrated no differences in the ground-dwelling arthropod communities between cotton types. One araneid species, Pardosa pauxilla, comprised ;80% of all araneids, Labidura riparia comprised ;96% of all dermapterans, Megacephala carolina comprised ;97% of cicindelines and four carabid species (Selenophorus palliatus, Apristus latens, Harpalus gravis and Anisodactylus merula) comprised ;80% of carabid species. M. carolina outnumbered all other collected species in each of the 3 years. When only predatory carabid species were considered, A. merula, Calosoma sayi, Harpalus pennsylvanicus and Stenolophus ochropezus were predominant and numbers trapped were similar between cotton types. The abundance of dermapterans, staphylinids, araneids and heteropterans varied among sample dates and across seasons but did not differ between cotton types. The frequent capture of M. carolina, S. palliatus and P. pauxilla in all fields and seasons in both cottons suggests that these species may be important for monitoring further changes in local communities as result of agricultural practices.

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“…The herbivore prey in all experiments were second-instar black cutworms, A. ipsilon. Cutworm larvae are susceptible to predation by many species of adult carabids (Best & Beegle, 1977;Frank & Shrewsbury, 2004a). As cutworms and carabids occur together on the ground and in the litter of many other agricultural and natural ecosystems, results have broad implications for many managed systems (Showers, 1997).…”

Section: Predators Herbivores and Alternative Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alternative food on cannibalism and herbivore suppression by carabid larvae

Frank¹,

Shrewsbury²,

Denno³

2010

Ecological Entomology

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1. Predator and alternative food density are important factors influencing herbivore suppression by generalist predators. Herbivore suppression can be reduced if predators forage preferentially on alternative foods. Cannibalism can increase at high predator densities, further reducing herbivore suppression. However, complex interactions are possible, as alternative food can increase predator abundance and survival restoring top-down effects on herbivores.2. In two species of carabid larvae (Poecilus chalcites and Anisodactylus ovularis), we studied how alternative foods (fly pupae and grass seeds) and predator density affect predation of black cutworm larvae and how alternative foods affect cannibalism among carabid larvae.3. Adding alternative food to microcosms generally reduced total predation of cutworms. However, the strength of this effect was dependent on carabid species, larval density, and food type.4. Increasing larval density from one to three per microcosm reduced per-capita predation by both species irrespective of alternative food treatment.5. Alternative food reduced cannibalism in both carabid species and increased survival of carabid larvae in field plots, such that twice as many were captured in plots subsidised with pupae than plots with no alternative food.6. These results provide new insight into the complex interactions that influence predator survival and herbivore suppression in resource diverse habitats by demonstrating the primacy of intraguild interactions among carabid larvae.

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Consumption of Black Cutworms, <I>Agrotis ipsilon</I> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Alternative Prey by Common Golf Course Predators

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of Conservation Strips on the Abundance and Distribution of Natural Enemies and Predation of <I>Agrotis ipsilon</I> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Golf Course Fairways

Effect of Conservation Strips on the Abundance and Distribution of Natural Enemies and Predation of <I>Agrotis ipsilon</I> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Golf Course Fairways

Abundance and diversity of ground‐dwelling arthropods of pest management importance in commercial Bt and non‐Bt cotton fields

Effects of alternative food on cannibalism and herbivore suppression by carabid larvae

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