Consumo e desempenho de animais alimentados individualmente ou em grupo e características de carcaça de animais Nelore de três classes sexuais

Abstract

RESUMO -Esta pesquisa foi realizada com os objetivos de estimar os consumos individuais de matéria seca, concentrado e volumoso de bovinos alimentados em grupo, avaliar o consumo de matéria seca (CMS), o ganho médio diário (GMD) e a conversão alimentar (CA) de bovinos de três classes sexuais (machos não-castrados, machos castrados e fêmeas) alimentados individualmente ou em grupo, com dois níveis de oferta de concentrado (OC) (1,00 ou 1,25% do peso vivo), e analisar as Performance of animals fed individually or in groups and carcass traits of Nellore cattle from three sexual classesABSTRACT -The present work aimed to estimate the individual intake of dry matter, concentrated and forage for animals feed in group. Evaluate also, dry matter intake, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio by animals from one of three genders (bulls, steers or heifers) fed individually or in groups, with two levels of concentrate offer (1.00 or 1.25% of BW), and carcass traits of confined Nellore cattle. Forty five Nellore cattle -15 bulls, 15 steers and 15 heifers were used. Nine animals (three from each gender) were slaughtered at beginning of the trial performing reference group. The remaining 36 animals were fed either 1.0 or 1.25% of concentrate under two feeding schemes (individually or in groups), in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. In order to estimate the individual DMI of animals fed in group, LIPE® was used to estimate the fecal dry matter production, Cr 2 O 3 and TiO 2 were used to estimate the individual concentrate intake and NDFi and ADFi were used to estimate the individual forage intake. At the end of the experiment all animals individually fed were slaughtered to evaluate carcass traits and yield of commercial cuts. The feed scheme had no influence upon DMI and DWG of Nellore cattle from different gender. There were no effect of 1.00 or 1.25% of concentrate on carcass traits and carcass yield. Bulls grow 24% more than steers and steers grow 22% more than females and bulls tend to be more efficient in meat deposition and had higher yield in some commercial cuts.

Exigências nutricionais de proteína, energia e macrominerais de bovinos Nelore de três classes sexuais

“…O consumo de energia digestível foi obtido a partir dos teores de nutrientes digestíveis totais, multiplicados pelos seus respectivos valores calóricos, obtidos em experimento paralelo com animais provindos do mesmo lote (Marcondes et al, 2008), utilizando-se coleta total de fezes, cujos valores de NDT foram de 71,01; 72,79 e 72,64% para machos não-castrados, machos castrados e fêmeas na dieta com 1,00% de concentrado, respectivamente, e de 73,01; 70,60 e 73,72% para as mesmas classes na dieta de 1,25% de oferta de concentrado.…”

Supplementation of beef cattle grazing Brachiariabrizantha during the dry and rainy seasons: performance and carcass ultrasound prediction

“…When in unsatisfactory amounts, the backfat thickness and marbling can influence the color, tenderness, and palatability of the end product (YOKOO et al, 2011). Females usually reach the recommended fat thickness for slaughter (3 mm) earlier than males, which suggests that they should be finished earlier (MARCONDES et al, 2008). The ultrasound technique also aids in genetic selection (YOKOO et al, 2011), since heritability for these traits is moderate to high (PINHEIRO et al, 2011).…”

“…Ítavo et al (2007) used 36 animals (18 males and 18 females), distributed into two treatments: on pasture (creep-feeding and weaning at 210 days) and in the feedlot (early weaning, at 90 days) and did not find differences in average daily gain between the sexes, in the same system. Marcondes et al (2008), on the other hand, used two levels of concentrate in 45 feedlot-finished Nellore cattle and found differences (P<0.05) among different sex categories, including intact and castrated males and females, and higher weight gain in uncastrated males and lower weight gain in females. These differences were attributed to the fact that intact males grow 10 to 20% more than castrated animals.…”

Fontes de amido no concentrado de bovinos superprecoces de diferentes classes sexuais

“…Resultados de pesquisa mostraram que animais não castrados cresceram mais rapidamente e utilizaram o alimento mais eficientemente que os castrados e as fêmeas (Vittori et al, 2007). Também Marcondes et al (2008) apresentaram valores de 22% de superioridade entre as classes sexuais. Resultados semelhantes foram apresentados por Coutinho Filho et al (2006), que avaliaram machos não castrados e fêmeas com idades e pesos médios iniciais de 12 e 13 meses e 266 e 251kg, respectivamente.…”