Consumer preferences for household water treatment products in Andhra Pradesh, India

Poulos, Christine; Yang, Jui‐Chen; Patil, Sumeet; Pattanayak, Subhrendu K.; Wood, Siri; Goodyear, Lorelei; Gonzalez, Juan Marcos

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.059

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The user preference ranking exercise indicated that boiling (with an efficient stove) and the pot filter (with a storage container) were the most preferred HWTS options, before costs were factored in. The pot filter was preferred across districts and across source water quality, as has been observed in South Asia, but preferences for boiling were on par with the pot filter, a new finding (Luoto et al, 2012;Poulos et al, 2012). Where the source water was significantly turbid, an effective disinfectant-coagulant such as PuR was also preferred; this contrasts with previous observations from rural Kenya (Albert et al, 2010).…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In particular, social marketing research has found that consumer preferences and viable price points strongly influence effective demand and the likelihood of consistent use (Evans et al, 2014). This has led to several studies on user perceptions and willingness to pay for HWTS products (Luoto et al, 2012;Albert et al, 2010;Poulos et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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User preferences and willingness to pay for safe drinking water: Experimental evidence from rural Tanzania

Burt

Njee

Mbatia

et al. 2017

Social Science & Medicine

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Keywords:Tanzania Water and health Household water treatment and safe storage Point of use Boiling User preferences Willingness to pay a b s t r a c t Almost half of all deaths from drinking microbiologically unsafe water occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. Household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) systems, when consistently used, can provide safer drinking water and improve health. Social marketing to increase adoption and use of HWTS depends both on the prices of and preferences for these systems. This study included 556 households from rural Tanzania across two low-income districts with low-quality water sources. Over 9 months in 2012 and 2013, we experimentally evaluated consumer preferences for six "low-cost" HWTS options, including boiling, through an ordinal ranking protocol. We estimated consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for these options, using a modified auction. We allowed respondents to pay for the durable HWTS systems with cash, chickens or mobile money; a significant minority chose chickens as payment. Overall, our participants favored boiling, the ceramic pot filter and, where water was turbid, PuR™ (a combined flocculant-disinfectant). The revealed WTP for all products was far below retail prices, indicating that significant scale-up may need significant subsidies. Our work will inform programs and policies aimed at scaling up HWTS to improve the health of resource-constrained communities that must rely on poorquality, and sometimes turbid, drinking water sources.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User preferences and willingness to pay for safe drinking water: Experimental evidence from rural Tanzania

Burt

Njee

Mbatia

et al. 2017

Social Science & Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Chlorine tablets are therefore at times distributed in response to the outbreak of waterborne diseases, and have for example been distributed to thousands of households as an emergency response to a large typhoid fever outbreak in Harare, Zimbabwe (Imanishi et al 2014). The antimicrobial effectiveness and social acceptance of sodium or calcium hypochlorite and various other point-of-use water treatments such as boiling, ceramic filtration and solar disinfection has been studied extensively (Clasen & Edmondson 2006;Loo et al 2012;Poulos et al 2012;Levy et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trihalomethanes formation in point of use surface water disinfection with chlorine or chlorine dioxide tablets

Werner

Valdivia-Garcia

Weir

et al. 2016

Water & Environment J

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In remote or underdeveloped areas, natural disaster emergencies and armed conflict zones, point-of-use surface water disinfection with chlorine tablets provides microbiologically safe water, but disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes (THMs) are formed. While the health risks from THMs are much less than the risks from consuming microbiologically unsafe water, it is nonetheless desirable to understand and minimise THM formation. We show that THM concentrations in surface water samples from the Northern British Isles disinfected with chlorine tablets increased with contact time, in some cases to significantly exceed EU, US EPA and WHO drinking water guidance values after more than an hour. More stagnant water from ponds and lochs had higher THM formation than river water. Doubling the chlorine tablet dose slightly enhanced THM formation, and passing water through coffee filter paper reduced it. Chlorine dioxide tablets produced minimal amounts of THMs.

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“…Stakeholder interviews and meetings are employed to understand how information flows in the context of interest and to identify potential use cases for new sensing technologies, whereas group design workshops are used for an initial identification of design preferences. Conjoint analysis, which is well-established in the assessment of user preferences for applications such as consumer products [45], healthcare decisions [46], and environmental policies [47,48], is used here to provide a quantitative assessment of the relative importance of different attributes. This work is intended to present our fieldwork-based determination of design priorities for point-of-use bacterial water detection, as well as best practices for other researchers developing sensors for use in resource-limited areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fieldwork-based determination of design priorities for point-of-use drinking water quality sensors for use in resource-limited environments

et al. 2020

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Improved capabilities in microfluidics, electrochemistry, and portable assays have resulted in the development of a wide range of point-of-use sensors intended for environmental, medical, and agricultural applications in resource-limited environments of developing countries. However, these devices are frequently developed without direct interaction with their often-remote intended user base, creating the potential for a disconnect between users' actual needs and those perceived by sensor developers. As different analytical techniques have inherent strengths and limitations, effective measurement solution development requires determination of desired sensor attributes early in the development process. In this work, we present our findings on design priorities for point-of-use microbial water sensors based on fieldwork in rural India, as well as a guide to fieldwork methodologies for determining desired sensor attributes. We utilized group design workshops for initial identification of design priorities, and then conducted choice-based conjoint analysis interviews for quantification of user preferences among these priorities. We found the highest user preference for integrated reporting of contaminant concentration and recommended actions, as well as significant preferences for mostly reusable sensor architectures, same-day results, and combined ingredients. These findings serve as a framework for future microbial sensor development and a guide for fieldwork-based understanding of user needs. OPEN ACCESSCitation: Bono MS, Jr., Beasley S, Hanhauser E, Hart AJ, Karnik R, Vaishnav C (2020) Fieldworkbased determination of design priorities for pointof-use drinking water quality sensors for use in resource-limited environments. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0228140. https://doi.org/10.

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Consumer preferences for household water treatment products in Andhra Pradesh, India

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

User preferences and willingness to pay for safe drinking water: Experimental evidence from rural Tanzania

User preferences and willingness to pay for safe drinking water: Experimental evidence from rural Tanzania

Trihalomethanes formation in point of use surface water disinfection with chlorine or chlorine dioxide tablets

Fieldwork-based determination of design priorities for point-of-use drinking water quality sensors for use in resource-limited environments

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