Consumer Exposure to Fragrance Ingredients: Providing Estimates for Safety Evaluation

Fragrance material review on phenethyl isobutyrate

“…These concentrations are multiplied by the amount of product applied, the number of applications per day for each product type, and a ''retention factor'' (ranging from 0.001 to 1.0) to account for the length of time a product may remain on the skin and/or likelihood of the fragrance ingredient being removed by washing. The resultant calculation represents the total consumer exposure (mg/kg/day) (Cadby et al, 2002;Ford et al, 2000). This is a conservative calculation of dermal systemic exposure because it makes the unlikely assumption that a consumer will use these 10 products which are all perfumed with the upper 97.5th percentile level of the fragrance ingredient from a fine fragrance type of the product (Cadby et al, 2002;Ford et al, 2000).…”

Fragrance material review on 2,2-dimethyl-3-phenylpropanol

“…These concentrations are multiplied by the amount of product applied, the number of applications per day for each product type, and a ''retention factor'' (ranging from 0.001 to 1.0) to account for the length of time a product may remain on the skin and/or likelihood of the fragrance ingredient being removed by washing. The resultant calculation represents the total consumer exposure (mg/ kg/day) (Cadby et al, 2002;Ford et al, 2000). This is a conservative calculation of dermal systemic exposure because it makes the unlikely assumption that a consumer will use these 10 products which are all perfumed with the upper 97.5 percentile level of the fragrance ingredient from a fine fragrance type of the product (Cadby et al, 2002;Ford et al, 2000).…”

“…The resultant calculation represents the total consumer exposure (mg/ kg/day) (Cadby et al, 2002;Ford et al, 2000). This is a conservative calculation of dermal systemic exposure because it makes the unlikely assumption that a consumer will use these 10 products which are all perfumed with the upper 97.5 percentile level of the fragrance ingredient from a fine fragrance type of the product (Cadby et al, 2002;Ford et al, 2000). The 97.5 percentile use level in formulae for use in cosmetics in general has been reported to be 7.5% (IFRA, 2004), which would result in a maximum daily exposure on the skin of 0.1911 mg/kg for high end users (see Table 1).…”

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in the Environment and Their Removal from Wastewater through Constructed Wetlands

“…perfumes, deodorants, washing and cleaning agents, cosmetics). Typical concentrations of fragrances range from 0.3% in face creams to as much as 20% in perfume extracts (Cadby et al, 2002). Most of the fragrances used nowadays are synthesized by industry, and nitro musks and polycyclic musks are the two main categories.…”