Construction of hollow polydopamine nanoparticle based drug sustainable release system and its application in bone regeneration

Abstract

Nanomaterial-based drug sustainable release systems have been tentatively applied to bone regeneration. They, however, still face disadvantages of high toxicity, low biocompatibility, and low drug-load capacity. In view of the low toxicity and high biocompatibility of polymer nanomaterials and the excellent load capacity of hollow nanomaterials with high specific surface area, we evaluated the hollow polydopamine nanoparticles (HPDA NPs), in order to find an optimal system to effectively deliver the osteogenic drugs to improve treatment of bone defect. Data demonstrated that the HPDA NPs synthesized herein could efficiently load four types of osteogenic drugs and the drugs can effectively release from the HPDA NPs for a relatively longer time in vitro and in vivo with low toxicity and high biocompatibility. Results of qRT-PCR, ALP, and alizarin red S staining showed that drugs released from the HPDA NPs could promote osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in vitro. Image data from micro-CT and H&E staining showed that all four osteogenic drugs released from the HPDA NPs effectively promoted bone regeneration in the defect of tooth extraction fossa in vivo, especially tacrolimus. These results suggest that the HPDA NPs, the biodegradable hollow polymer nanoparticles with high drug load rate and sustainable release ability, have good prospect to treat the bone defect in future clinical practice.

Advanced strategies of scaffolds design for bone regeneration

“…drugs. [80] In one study, PDA-coated magnesium calcium carbonate microspheres were used as NIR-responsive carriers to regulate the release of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), while hydroxybutyl chitosan hydrogels delivered aspirin, the anti-inflammatory drug, to alleviate adverse inflammatory responses (Figure 4e). [81] The loaded aspirin could be released continuously for 14 days (Figure 4f), while the cumulative release of BMP-2 was higher under NIR irradiation (Figure 4g), indicating a more pronounced effect on promoting bone repair (Figure 4h).…”

Hierarchical porous ECM scaffolds incorporating GDF-5 fabricated by cryogenic 3D printing to promote articular cartilage regeneration

“…This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. BMSC isolation and culture were performed according to a previously described method [ 26 , 27 ], and the specific steps are described in Supplementary File section 1 .3.…”

Multifunctional Nanozymes by Amplifying Intracellular Oxidative Stress for Enhanced Photothermal–Photodynamic Therapy

“…23,24 Above all, the high drug-loading capacity of HCuS enables it to be loaded with certain drugs or other small molecules to achieve synergy between PTT and other therapies, especially in combination with PDT. 25,26 IR780, a near-infrared lipophilic fluorescent dye with intensive light assimilation and emission, has been widely used for tumor therapy and imaging. 27−29 One of the attractive aspects of IR780 is that it can be used as PTT and PDT by adjusting the wavelength of the excitation light.…”

“…HCuS has attracted significant attention from researchers in biomedical therapeutics owing to its excellent photothermal transformation capacity, easiness of synthesis, and high biocompatibility. , Above all, the high drug-loading capacity of HCuS enables it to be loaded with certain drugs or other small molecules to achieve synergy between PTT and other therapies, especially in combination with PDT. , IR780, a near-infrared lipophilic fluorescent dye with intensive light assimilation and emission, has been widely used for tumor therapy and imaging. − One of the attractive aspects of IR780 is that it can be used as PTT and PDT by adjusting the wavelength of the excitation light. As highlighted, numerous reports studied nanostructures based on IR780 with robust 1 O 2 generation ability (type Il photosensitization theory) under irradiation. , Despite its great potential for application, IR780 still suffers from poor solubility in the organism, rapid clearance, and low tumor uptake. − Delivery of IR780 via nanodelivery systems such as mesoporous silica has solved these problems to some extent, , but the abnormal leakage in the circulation and the hypoxic tumor microenvironment are still not well addressed.…”