“…Many approaches have been proposed to achieve the improvement in the electrochemical performance of TMOs materials, such as fabrication of diverse nanostructures (such as nanowires [7][8][9], nanotubes [10,11], yolk-shell [12][13][14][15], microdisks [1]), designing TMO-based hybrid/composite materials (for example, amorphous carbon [12], carbon nanotubes [16] and grapheme nanosheets [17]), and modification by coating or doping [18], with the ultimate aim of improving the electrical conductivity, enhancing naked electroactive sites, buffering the volume changes, and preventing interparticle agglomeration [19].…”