Construction material properties of high temperature arc gasification slag as a portland cement replacement

Blaisi, Nawaf I.; Roessler, Justin G.; Watts, Benjamin E.; Paris, Jerry M.; Ferraro, Christopher C.; Townsend, Timothy G.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.277

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The feedstock is fed from the side or the top, and a molten residue is recovered from the bottom while the syngas is recovered from the top as well. One advantage of this configuration is the possibility of melting and separating metals and inorganic materials, helping to recover some materials for further valorization such as metals for catalysis [28] or inorganics as plasma stone for building materials [32,33]. An additional advantage is that the hydrogen content is relatively high, caused primarily by the action of the high temperature.…”

Section: Plasma Gasifiers: Gasification and Tar Cleaning In One Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of plasma in syngas tar cracking

Rueda

Helsen

2019

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Gasification of biomass and municipal solid waste is a technology that has been proposed as a dualpurpose solution for mitigating environmental impacts as well as for producing syngas, a very useful intermediary product for energy valorization and organic synthesis. However the presence of pollutants, notably tar, hamper this raw syngas (producer syngas) to be used in high-efficient energy applications such as jet engines, fuel cells or in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, limiting its economic value. For reducing tar a lot of scientific and technical effort has been devoted. In this paper, the state-of-the-art of plasma tar removal from syngas is done, focusing on the use of plasma in tandem with existing technologies, underlining its advantages and the remaining challenges. The most promising ways to get a syngas with very low tar levels using plasma seem to be: (i) tandem tar cleaning techniques (e.g. secondary plasma enhanced catalytic unit) and (ii) secondary thermal plasma cracking units. Keywords tar cracking • plasma • syngas cleaning 1 IntroductionThe conversion of carbon-rich raw materials such as biomass and Municipal Solid Waste(MSW) into syngas has been proposed as the perfect solution for decreasing the amount of waste and byproducts discarded while obtaining a syngas that can be used for organic

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Section: Plasma Gasifiers: Gasification and Tar Cleaning In One Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of plasma in syngas tar cracking

Rueda

Helsen

2019

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…However, CGCS, which is discharged at the bottom of the gasifier and accounts for approximately 80% of the total CGS, has been rarely investigated. CGCS has a low residual carbon content [ 14 ], because of which it is mainly used in building materials such as unburned wall materials [ 15 ], concrete [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], road pavement base/sub-base materials [ 19 ], and other cement-based materials [ 20 , 21 ]. Li et al [ 22 ] studied the reaction mechanism of CGS and cement; compared with CGFS, the abundant active mineral phases in the CGCS facilitated the cementitious reaction and enhanced the mortar strength, which is consistent with the results of Liu et al [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Coal Gasification Coarse Slag as River Sand Replacement

Zhu¹,

Lian

Zhai

et al. 2022

Materials

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Coal gasification coarse slag (CGCS) is a by-product of coal gasification. Despite its abundance, CGCS is mostly used in boiler blending, stacking, and landfill. Large-scale industrial applications of CGCS can be environment-friendly and cost saving. In this study, the application of CGCS as a substitute for river sand (RS) with different replacement ratios in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) was investigated. The effects of CGCS replacement ratios on the fluidity and mechanical properties of specimens were examined, and the effect mechanisms were explored on the basis of hydration products and the multi-scale (millimetre-scale and micrometre-scale) microstructure analysis obtained through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy. With an increase in the CGCS replacement ratio, the water–binder ratio (w/b), flexural strength, and compressive strength decreased. Specimens containing CGCS of ≤25% can satisfy the strength requirement of non-structural UHPC, with flexure strength of 29 MPa and compressive strength of 111 MPa at day 28. According to the XRD results and multi-scale microstructure analysis, amorphous glass beads in CGCS positively influenced ettringite generation due to the pozzolanic activity. Porous carbon particles in CGCS showed strong interfacial bonding with cement slurry due to internal hydration; this bonding was conducive to improving the mechanical strength. However, CGCS hindered hydration in the later curing stage, leading to an increase in the unreacted cement and agglomeration of fly ash; in addition, at a CGCS replacement ratio of up to 50%, an apparent interfacial transition zone structure was observed, which was the main contributor to mechanical strength deterioration.

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“…Through this reaction at very hot temperatures, carbonaceous material is decomposed predominantly into carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ), which can be used as synthetic gas, or syngas, for energy production [10]. Solid waste that is produced from the combustion process, known as slag, has demonstrated material properties that would allow it to be used as supplemental cementitious materials in construction applications, thus removing it from landfilled waste stream [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modeling of a Lab-Scale Microwave Plasma Reactor for Waste-to-Energy Applications: A Review

Sedej

Mbonimpa

2021

Gases

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Rapidly increasing solid waste generation and energy demand are two critical issues of the current century. Plasma gasification, a type of waste-to-energy (WtE) technology, has the potential to produce clean energy from waste and safely destroy hazardous waste. Among plasma gasification technologies, microwave (MW)-driven plasma offers numerous potential advantages to be scaled as a leading WtE technology if its processes are well understood and optimized. This paper reviews studies on modeling experimental microwave-induced plasma gasification systems. The system characterization requires developing mathematical models to describe the multiphysics phenomena within the reactor. The injection of plasma-forming gases and carrier gases, the rate of the waste stream, and the operational power heavily influence the initiation of various chemical reactions that produce syngas. The type and kinetics of the chemical reactions taking place are primarily influenced by either the turbulence or temperature. Navier–Stokes equations are used to describe the mass, momentum, and energy transfer, and the k-epsilon model is often used to describe the turbulence within the reactor. Computational fluid dynamics software offers the ability to solve these multiphysics mathematical models efficiently and accurately.

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Construction material properties of high temperature arc gasification slag as a portland cement replacement

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

The role of plasma in syngas tar cracking

The role of plasma in syngas tar cracking

Mechanical Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Coal Gasification Coarse Slag as River Sand Replacement

CFD Modeling of a Lab-Scale Microwave Plasma Reactor for Waste-to-Energy Applications: A Review

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