Constructing Flexible All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors from 3D Nanosheets Active Bricks via 3D Manufacturing Technology: A Perspective Review

Abstract

Due to the unique geometric characteristics and electronic structure of hierarchical 3D nanosheets, they show excellent electron migration rate, ultra‐high specific surface area, and reliable structural stability. Therefore, 3D nanosheets have great application prospects in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Supercapacitor has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its merits of fast charge and discharge, long cycle life, safety, and stability. Flexibility, miniaturization, and intelligent integration are the development direction of supercapacitor energy storage devices. The emerging 3D printing technology, especially the ink direct writing mode, has greatly improved the design ability and control accuracy of device microstructures. Based on the research progress of 3D graphene nanosheets and 3D MXene nanosheets in the early stage of the authors’ or other teams, this paper proposes to use advanced 3D printing technology to realize the design of flexible all solid‐state supercapacitors by using 3D nanosheets active materials with high specific capacitance. The design methods of interdigital electrodes, multilayer skeleton electrodes and fiber electrodes by 3D printing technology and the performance evaluation of flexible supercapacitor are systematically analyzed. This perspective review aims to provide new conception and theoretical guidance for the design, preparation, and performance optimization of 3D nanosheets‐built materials by 3D printing for the practical application of flexible all‐solid‐state supercapacitor in the future.

Recent Progress of Hollow Carbon Nanocages: General Design Fundamentals and Diversified Electrochemical Applications

“…[97][98][99] Normally, the shells of carbon nanocages by direct carbonization of polymer precursor (e.g., RF, [97][98][99] polyaniline, [100] polypyrrole, [101] etc.) are of microporous structure due to the pyrolysis, [102] hence the resulting products are regarded as microporous carbon nanocages. To further increase the pore size and tailor porosity of carbon shell (forming mesoporous or hierarchical porous structures), two synthetic routes have been demonstrated: 1) chemical activation (or oxidation etching) of the carbon shell, and 2) the incorporation of secondary nanotemplates (colloidal micelles or solid nanoparticles) into the carbon shell.…”

Hierarchical Design of Cross‐Linked NiCo2S4 Nanowires Bridged NiCo‐Hydrocarbonate Polyhedrons for High‐Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor

“…Among various energy storage systems, supercapacitors have received tremendous attention due to their outstanding merits of fast charging/discharging ability, long cyclic lifespan and safe operation. [1][2][3] In the past decade, supercapacitors have been widely used in the portable and wearable electronics, backup power supplies, hybrid electric vehicles, smart grids, etc. [4,5] However, the large-scale commercialization of supercapacitors is still hampered by their relatively low energy densities.…”

Anchoring Ni3S2/Cr(OH)3 hybrid nanospheres on Ti3C2@NF dual substrates for efficient urea electrolysis by ion exchange

“…The entire experimental process, including centrifugation and vacuum drying, was completed in 24h. The dual substrate composed of Ti 3 C 2 and NF dramatically enhances the electrode conductivity and provides a channel for electron transport [33] . At the same time,the large number of vacancies in the d orbitals of Cr elements can receive electrons from Ni elements and generate more Ni 3+ as active sites, regulates the electronic structure [24,34] , and further promoted the catalytic activity of UOR.…”