Constructed wetlands for urban grey water recycling

Frazer-Williams, Ronnie; Avery, Lisa M.; Winward, Gideon P.; Jeffrey, Paul; Shirley-Smith, Chris; Liu, Shuming; Memon, Fayyaz Ali; Jefferson, Bruce

doi:10.1504/ijep.2008.018470

Cited by 26 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Sagittaria significantly (p < 0.05) outperformed P. australis and Iris. The biomass yield from these species was higher than the figures reported by Ennabili et al [3] (2-3 kg DW/m 2 ), Konnerup et al [53] (3.13 kg DW/m 2 ), and Vymazal [56] (0.79-5.1 kg DW/m 2 ). Abou-Elela et al [57] reported a biomass yield of 4.46-5.18 kg DW/m 2 , which was lower than that in the present study for Sagittaria and almost near that of P. australis and Iris.…”

Section: Biomass Production and Uptake Capacitycontrasting

confidence: 60%

Physicochemical and Biological Contribution of Native Macrophytes in the Constructed Wetlands to Treat Municipal Wastewater: A Pilot-Scale Experiment in a Sub-Tropical Climate Region

2022

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In this study, the physicochemical and biological contributions of different macrophytes in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF-CWs) to treat low-strength municipal wastewater operated at high hydraulic loads under a sub-tropical climatic region is investigated. Out of the four identical beds, three were planted with locally available macrophytes (P. australis, Sagittaria, and Iris), whereas one bed was kept as a control. The beds were filled with media and operated in parallel continuously for eight months, with increasing the surface loading rate (SLR) from 0.19 to 2.78 m day−1. The results indicate that the planted beds performed significantly (p < 0.01) better to remove TSS (70% to 78%), BOD5 (66% to 77%), COD (59% to 75%), NO3-N (56% to 64%), NH4-N (41% to 69%), TN (36% to 41%), and TP (44% to 61%) as compared to the unplanted bed for the same parameters (48%, 39%, 40%, 33%, 18%, 20%, and 29%, respectively). The presence of macrophytes in HSSF-CWs was found to be highly significant. The average relative growth rate (RGR) was observed in the order of P. australis (0.0086 day−1) > Sagittaria (0.0061 day−1) > Iris (0.0059 day−1). When compared to the performances of the species used, Sagittaria and P. australis produced better results than Iris. The investigations on biomass showed that Sagittaria yielded higher production, followed by P. australis and Iris. The proportions of uptake by the macrophytes were found to be 9.3%, 6.3%, and 3.9% of mass N removal, and 7.6%, 5.1%, and 4.4% of mass p removal in Sagittaria, P. australis, and Iris, respectively. This study contributes to the effective response to the environment, which validates a major role of macrophytes and their disparate response to pollutant removal processes by different species from municipal wastewater through HSSF-CWs.

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Section: Biomass Production and Uptake Capacitycontrasting

confidence: 60%

Physicochemical and Biological Contribution of Native Macrophytes in the Constructed Wetlands to Treat Municipal Wastewater: A Pilot-Scale Experiment in a Sub-Tropical Climate Region

2022

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“…In the observation of Li et al (2009) (73) on technological methods for grey water remediation the only approach recorded was manmade wetlands. The recent application of grey water treatment is the use of green walls and roofs, where the earliest study was published in 2008 (74).…”

Section: Grey Water Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superior effect of nature based solutions in soil and water management for sustainable agriculture

Nalluri

Karri

2023

Plant Sci. Today

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The world's natural resources are under extreme pressure as a result of the planet's rising population and irregular climate. The two most important natural resources for agriculture are soil and water and yet another crucial factor for environmental and economic sustainability of all kinds of forestry and agriculture systems is the preservation of water and soil resources. So, there is a need to address the present global issues like water and food insecurity, biodiversity loss and livelihood risks meanwhile taking human safety and functions of the ecosystem into account. Ecosystem integrity and function are threatened globally by soil loss, where supply of important food and resources to human societies can be severely affected. Freshwater is a valuable resource and a vital media for many different economic domains and residential purposes; however its usage is often at the cost of natural habitats. Therefore, for agricultural sustainability as well as the preservation of the natural ecosystem, integrative management of soil and water resources is essential. To prevent soil and water deterioration, it is imperative to develop and adopt new technologies, use natural resources sensitively and implement appropriate management techniques. Nature-based solutions, sustainable soil and water management and ecosystem based acclimation are some of the extensively used approaches that address some of the challenges in a target aimed approach. Nature-based solutions are low price initiatives that could promote resilience in agricultural produce while reducing climatic effects and improving the environment. This review highlights various soil and water conservative strategies for agricultural sustainability.

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Distributed Water Infrastructure for Sustainable Communities

Makropoulos

Butler

2010

Water Resour Manage

130

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Distributed water infrastructure (located at the community or the household level) is relatively untried and unproven, compared with technologies for managing urban water at higher (e.g. regional) levels. This work presents a review of currently available options for distributed water infrastructure and illustrates the potential impact of their deployment through a number of indicative infrastructure strategies. The paper summarises the main categories of both centralised and decentralised water infrastructure, covering all three flows (water supply, wastewater and drainage) and their integration through recycling and reuse. The potential impact of the identified infrastructure options for urban water management is examined. The desirability of the strategies examined, is dependent on (case specific) constraints to urban development, including for example regional or local water resource availability, treatment plant capacity, cost of upgrading infrastructure, potential for (distributed) energy (micro) generation and climatic changes (and other nonstationary processes). The results are presented and discussed. It is concluded that there is currently a significant potential for a range of improvements in urban water management which could result from the context-aware deployment of a portfolio of technological infrastructure options. It is also suggested that there are trade-offs between water use, energy use and land use, and these have an equilibrium point that is associated with the technological state-of-art. At a given technological state-of-art, further reductions in water savings signify increase either energy consumption (for high-tech solutions) or land use (for low-tech solutions). The strategies' evaluation indicates however, that until this equilibrium point is reached there can be significant gains in all three aspects. After this equilibrium, improvements in one aspect inevitably signify costs in others. The choice of desired trade-off then depends on the specific constraints of the problem at hand.

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Constructed wetlands for urban grey water recycling

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Physicochemical and Biological Contribution of Native Macrophytes in the Constructed Wetlands to Treat Municipal Wastewater: A Pilot-Scale Experiment in a Sub-Tropical Climate Region

Physicochemical and Biological Contribution of Native Macrophytes in the Constructed Wetlands to Treat Municipal Wastewater: A Pilot-Scale Experiment in a Sub-Tropical Climate Region

Superior effect of nature based solutions in soil and water management for sustainable agriculture

Distributed Water Infrastructure for Sustainable Communities

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