2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.106076
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Constructed wetlands for the treatment of bauxite residue leachate: Long term field evidence and implications for management

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Cited by 11 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Subsequent work confirmed that calcite and dawsonite (NaAlCO 3 [OH]0 2 ) were precipitated via carbonation in the presence and absence of Ca respectively (Higgins et al, 2018). After 4 years this constructed wetland was still effective, and the effluent did not cause observable ecotoxicological effects (O'Connor & Courtney, 2020).…”
Section: Field and Laboratory Studies Of Bauxite Waste Remediationmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Subsequent work confirmed that calcite and dawsonite (NaAlCO 3 [OH]0 2 ) were precipitated via carbonation in the presence and absence of Ca respectively (Higgins et al, 2018). After 4 years this constructed wetland was still effective, and the effluent did not cause observable ecotoxicological effects (O'Connor & Courtney, 2020).…”
Section: Field and Laboratory Studies Of Bauxite Waste Remediationmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…The biological concentration factor (BCF) and biological transfer factor (BTF) indexes were calculated as follows [34, 35]: (1) BCF = heavy metal content in plants heavy metal content in soils × 100 % , (2) BTF = heavy metal content in overground parts heavy metal content in root × 100 % . …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Presently, approximately 3 billion tons of RM are produced worldwide . The environmental dangers linked with RM arise from soluble compounds, like sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, present in it, which can dissolve in rainwater and result in soil and groundwater contamination. , With its composition of typically up to 30–60% Fe 2 O 3 with approx. 4–16% Al 2 O 3 , 1–5% TiO 2 , and up to 900 ppm rare earth elements (with Sc having the highest amount), there have been various attempts to further utilize RM. ,, Several strategies have been proposed for the utilization of RM, including its use as an absorbent for pollutants, a neutralizer for acidic solutions, a construction material, or in pyrometallurgical processes. , Significant efforts have also been made to extract valuable trace elements like Sc.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%