Construct Validity of a Two-Factor Model of Psychopathy

Douglas, Heather; Bore, Miles; Munro, Don

doi:10.4236/psych.2012.33034

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Participants who reported higher levels of psychopathy also reported higher levels of cognitive-perceptual deficits (Hypothesis 1a) and disorganization (Hypothesis 1B). These results are in line with the findings of previous studies (Douglas et al, 2012; that reported positive relationships between secondary psychopathy and positive and disorganized symptoms of schizotypy. At the same time, cognitive-perceptual deficits and disorganization can also be considered as contributors to a psychopathic interpersonal strategy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Schizotypal Traits and the Dark Triad From an Ecological Perspective: A Nonclinical Sample Study

et al. 2017

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The Dark Triad is a collection of socially aversive personality traits, namely subclinical psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and subclinical narcissism. These deviant traits, however, contribute to the success of individuals with dark personality traits. Therefore, Dark Triad traits can be conceived as pseudopathologies. Schizotypal traits have also been studies from the perspective of behavioral adaptations. In this study, we investigated whether schizotypal traits were associated with the Dark Triad traits and how schizotypal symptoms can be considered as parts of dark interpersonal strategies that contribute to the individual success of people with dark personality traits. A sample of 277 university students (198 females and 79 males; M = 20.64; SD = 2.15) were recruited to fill out the Short Dark Triad and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief Revised. Statistical analyses revealed that Machiavellianism was positively associated with restricted emotional and social life. Narcissism was negatively associated with interpersonal problems. Psychopathy was positively associated with distorted perceptions/cognitions and disorganization. Results of the study are discussed within a behavioral ecology framework. This perspective emphasizes the adaptive values connected to schizotypal personality traits. We further discuss how these adaptive traits fit into strategies of individuals with Dark Triad traits, and how these schizotypal traits might restrict or further promote their individual success.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Schizotypal Traits and the Dark Triad From an Ecological Perspective: A Nonclinical Sample Study

et al. 2017

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“…Openness includes facets that may be consistent with psychopathy—active imagination and a preference for the unusual and novel—but also qualities that are antithetical to psychopathy: openness to feelings, strong impressions to works of art and to beauty, and a willingness to examine and even reconsider one's personal values. Therefore, we expect a negative association between Openness and psychopathy (e.g., Decuyper et al., ; Douglas et al., ).…”

Section: Big Five and Dark Threementioning

confidence: 98%

“…These traits may supplement the FFM traits, in that the FFM explains general dispositional tendencies that apply to most people and interpersonal situations, whereas the DT focuses on less desirable personality traits that are characteristic of people who manipulate and misuse others (Furnham, Richards, & Paulhus, ). The DT traits may, however, be redundant with those traits identified by the FFM, with the result that measures of the facets and global traits of the FFM fully predict the qualities described in the DT (e.g., Brunell, Gentry, Campbell, Hoffman, Kuhnert, & DeMarree, ; Douglas, Bore, & Munro, ; Miller, Lynam, Widiger, & Leukefeld, ).…”

Section: Big Five and Dark Threementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Douglas et al. (), for example, found that Agreeableness and Neuroticism accounted for 47% of the variance in scores on a common measure of Machiavellianism (the Mach‐V). Glover, Miller, Lynam, Crego, and Widiger (), using facet‐level indicators from a common measure of the FFM (NEO PI‐R), accurately predicted individuals' scores on measures of both grandiose and vulnerable narcissism.…”

Section: Big Five and Dark Threementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Meta‐Analytic Test of Redundancy and Relative Importance of the Dark Triad and Five‐Factor Model of Personality

O’Boyle

Forsyth

Banks

et al. 2014

Journal of Personality

275

221

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We examined the relationships between Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy-the three traits of the Dark Triad (DT)-and the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality. The review identified 310 independent samples drawn from 215 sources and yielded information pertaining to global trait relationships and facet-level relationships. We used meta-analysis to examine (a) the bivariate relations between the DT and the five global traits and 30 facets of the FFM, (b) the relative importance of each of the FFM global traits in predicting DT, and (c) the relationship between the DT and FFM facets identified in translational models of narcissism and psychopathy. These analyses identified consistent and theoretically meaningful associations between the DT traits and the facets of the FFM. The five traits of the FFM, in a relative importance analysis, accounted for much of the variance in Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, respectively, and facet-level analyses identified specific facets of each FFM trait that were consistently associated with narcissism (e.g., angry/hostility, modesty) and psychopathy (e.g., straightforwardness, deliberation). The FFM explained nearly all of the variance in psychopathy (R(2) c = .88) and a substantial portion of the variance in narcissism (R(2) c = .42).

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“…Para estos fines hay, sin embargo, autores que discuten el método de recojo de datos de investigación a través de autoreporte 12 mientras que otros sugieren incluir instrumentos de evaluación para informantes13 .Sobre la diferenciación clínica del concepto Douglas y Bore refieren que Karpman propuso un modelo bifactorial, para aclarar las diferencias entre psicopatía primaria y secundaria. En el primer factor, al cual llamó psicopatía primaria, destacó la insensibilidad hacia los otros, el egoísmo y las actitudes de manipulación; mientras que en el segundo, psicopatía secundaria, estaría caracterizado por alta impulsividad e inestabilidad emocional asociadas a un estilo de vida de auto-fracaso14 .Actualmente las clasificaciones internacionales de trastornos psiquiátricos han establecido criterios diagnósticos específicos aunque utilizando diversas denominaciones para su identificación. La Organización Mundial de la Salud, por ejemplo, en el Capítulo de Enfermedades Mentales de su décima Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades, lo denomina Trastorno disocial de la personalidad15 .…”

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Conducta y personalidad disociales en estudiantes de medicina: implicancias para la educación médica peruana

Perales¹,

Sánchez²,

Barahona³

et al. 2018

An Fac med

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Investigaciones previas sobre conducta suicida realizadas en estudiantes de medicina hallaron, como variable asociada, una alta prevalencia de vida (PV) de indicadores de conducta disocial. Tal resultado obliga a sospechar presencia de personalidad de este tipo en dicha población. Con el objetivo de aportar nuevos elementos que complementen los estudios previos, el presente artículo analiza el concepto de personalidad disocial y discute los resultados de un estudio piloto que evaluó su presencia en una muestra de alumnos recién ingresados a la Escuela de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Se encontró que de 175 estudiantes, 33 resultaron positivos a indicadores de conducta disocial (19% de PV) durante una primera evaluación; de este grupo, 30 se presentaron a una segunda evaluación diagnóstica, de los cuales cinco superaron el punto de corte para personalidad disocial, y 11 obtuvieron puntaje de sospecha de tal desarrollo. Sobre estos resultados sugerimos que la universidad debiera aceptar la responsabilidad de continuar investigando esta área, crear intervenciones preventivo-terapéuticas tempranas e innovaciones curriculares para reducir el riesgo de producir profesionales tecnicamente bien entrenados pero con minusvalías morales.

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Construct Validity of a Two-Factor Model of Psychopathy

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Schizotypal Traits and the Dark Triad From an Ecological Perspective: A Nonclinical Sample Study

Schizotypal Traits and the Dark Triad From an Ecological Perspective: A Nonclinical Sample Study

A Meta‐Analytic Test of Redundancy and Relative Importance of the Dark Triad and Five‐Factor Model of Personality

Conducta y personalidad disociales en estudiantes de medicina: implicancias para la educación médica peruana

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