Constitution and Constitutionalism of Indonesia

Abstract

The term constitution comes from a constituer which means to form, that is , the whole of the rules both written and unwritten which regulate in a binding manner the way a government is held in a society. Constitutionalism in the strict sense is that the administration of the government which islimited by the Constitution, in a broad sense, is a set of political values and aspirations that reflect the desire to protect freedom by carrying out internal and external supervision of government power.There are differences and similarities in the four constitutional ions in Indonesia: a) Procedural aspects: only in the 1945 Constitution, as written and unwritten basic law, are flexible and rigid to adopt the supreme constitution, procedures for establishing and forming by the MPR, other written constitutions; RIS by the Constitutional Assembly, 1950 Constitution by the Constituent Assembly; RIS changes to the constitution with the Federal Law while the 1950 Constitution by the Assembly changes the Constitution; b) Substantial aspects, the form of the Unitary state existed in the 1945 Constitution before and after the changes and the 1945 Constitution, while the RIS of union states, all forms of republic government, recognition of human rights, the system of government of the 1945 Constitution before and after quasi presidential and presidential changes, while RIS and The 1950 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the 1945 Constitution before the change of the highest sovereignty holders of the MPR, the RIS by the Government together with the DPR and the Senate, the 1950 Constitution by the Government and Parliament.Keywords: Constitution; Constitutionalism; Indonesian Constitution.

The Role of Leaders and Community Empowerment in Village Autonomy

“…Secondary data consists of tertiary legal materials in the form of legal dictionary books and relevant encyclopedias that are in accordance with the object of research. The data collection method in the form of taking and determining the sample was chosen to be a respondent using a non-random sampling technique 8 . In line with that the data analysis method is intended for sampling not done randomly but by being selected based on certain considerations that are aligned with the research objectives then reduced, categorized and then concluded.…”

The Policy of the Prosecutor's Authority in Termination of Prosecutions based on Restorative Justice in Criminal Justice System In Indonesia

“…Termination of prosecution for policy reasons, where the prosecutor is allowed to put aside the case even though there is sufficient evidence to be 6 transferred to the court for public interest or individual interests and is based on unwritten law (opportunity principle). Based on article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code, the Attorney General has the authority to set aside a case, where the action for setting aside a case consists of: 8  Set aside the case on the principle of opportunity, for the following reasons:…”

Religion And the Making of National Law; Literature Review

“…It is a written constitutional document that represents the political struggle and aspirations of the Indonesian people in the past. (Praptini et al, 2019;Perwira et al, 2020).…”