Constant diurnal temperature regime alters the impact of simulated climate warming on a tropical pseudoscorpion

Zeh, Jeanne A.; Bonilla, Melvin M.; Su, Eleanor J.; Padua, Michael V.; Anderson, Rachel V.; Zeh, David W.

doi:10.1038/srep03706

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Zeh et al . () found temperature fluctuations (~8 °C) reduced sperm number and viability in tropical pseudoscorpions ( Cordylochernes scorpioides ) under predicted climate warming scenarios, although no assessments of mating success or reproductive output (or genetic variation in these traits) were made. These studies also only assayed laboratory populations derived from a single location (in relation to elevation or latitude).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This study, combined with the findings of Zeh et al . (, ), demonstrates that sublethal effects of increased climatic variation on male fitness are prevalent across even distantly related tropical ectotherms. Moreover, given evidence that upper thermal limits of ectotherms are more constrained across latitudinal scales than lower limits (Overgaard et al ., ), the sensitivity of male reproductive success to even slightly increased temperature fluctuations suggests that increasing thermal variability could have strongly detrimental impacts on population persistence across both tropical and temperate ectotherms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature fluctuations during development reduce male fitness and may limit adaptive potential in tropical rainforest Drosophila

Saxon

O’Brien

Bridle

2018

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Understanding the potential for organisms to tolerate thermal stress through physiological or evolutionary responses is crucial given rapid climate change. Although climate models predict increases in both temperature mean and variance, such tolerances are typically assessed under constant conditions. We tested the effects of temperature variability during development on male fitness in the rainforest fly Drosophila birchii, by simulating thermal variation typical of the warm and cool margins of its elevational distribution, and estimated heritabilities and genetic correlations of fitness traits. Reproductive success was reduced for males reared in warm (mean 24 °C) fluctuating (±3 °C) vs. constant conditions but not in cool fluctuating conditions (mean 17 °C), although fluctuations reduced body size at both temperatures. Male reproductive success under warm fluctuating conditions was similar to that at constant 27 °C, indicating that briefly exceeding critical thermal limits has similar fitness costs to continuously stressful conditions. There was substantial heritable variation in all traits. However, reproductive success traits showed no genetic correlation between treatments reflecting temperature variation at elevational extremes, which may constrain evolutionary responses at these ecological margins. Our data suggest that even small increases in temperature variability will threaten tropical ectotherms living close to their upper thermal limits, both through direct effects on fitness and by limiting their adaptive potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature fluctuations during development reduce male fitness and may limit adaptive potential in tropical rainforest Drosophila

Saxon

O’Brien

Bridle

2018

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…The decreased stress tolerance of flies developed in UF leads to the conclusion that an unpredictable change of temperature has a stronger effect on flies' performance than the fluctuation of temperature itself, at least if the amplitude of variation does not lead to extreme temperatures (Deutsch et al ., ; Terblanche et al ., ; Zeh et al ., ). This low performance in the UF regime seems to be the result of the inability of flies to anticipate the degree of temperature changes in an environment that does not give any clue about how it is going to change exactly, even though the environment can be anticipated to change according to the daily rhythm dictated by the model (some increase during day and some decrease during night).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…). This leads to the conclusion that the induced effects of fluctuating temperature regimes were not the result of experiencing daily stressful temperatures (Deutsch et al ., ; Zeh et al ., ), but purely the effect of daily temperature variation. The UF temperatures were never exceeding the absolute high and low temperatures of PF and, on average, the amplitude of temperature variation was smaller in UF than PF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictability rather than amplitude of temperature fluctuations determines stress resistance in a natural population of Drosophila simulans

Manenti

Sørensen

Moghadam

et al. 2014

J of Evolutionary Biology

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The adaptability of organisms to novel environmental conditions depends on the amount of genetic variance present in the population as well as on the ability of individuals to adjust their phenotype through phenotypic plasticity. Here, we investigated the phenotypic plasticity induced by a single generation's exposure to three different temperature regimes with respect to several life-history and stress-resistance traits in a natural population of Drosophila simulans. We studied a constant as well as a predictably and an unpredictably fluctuating temperature regime. We found high levels of phenotypic plasticity among all temperature regimes, suggesting a strong influence of both temperature fluctuations and their predictability. Increased heat tolerance was observed for flies developed in both types of fluctuating thermal environments compared with flies developed in a constant environment. We suggest that this was due to beneficial hardening when developing in either fluctuating temperature environment. To our surprise, flies that developed in constant and predictably changing environments were similar to each other in most traits when compared to flies from the unpredictably fluctuating environment. The unpredictably changing thermal environment imposed the most stressful condition, resulting in the lowest performance for stress-related traits, even though the absolute temperature changes never exceeded that of the predictably fluctuating environment. The overall decreased stress resistance of flies in the unpredictably fluctuating environment may be the consequence of maladaptive phenotypic plasticity in this setting, indicating that the adaptive value of plasticity depends on the predictability of the environment.

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“…the breadth of the curve) at both high and low temperatures (e.g. for reproduction of a pseudoscorpion, Zeh et al, 2014).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal variation, thermal extremes and the physiological performance of individuals

Dowd

King

Denny

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

218

211

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In this review we consider how small-scale temporal and spatial variation in body temperature, and biochemical/physiological variation among individuals, affect the prediction of organisms' performance in nature. For 'normal' body temperatures -benign temperatures near the species' mean -thermal biology traditionally uses performance curves to describe how physiological capabilities vary with temperature. However, these curves, which are typically measured under static laboratory conditions, can yield incomplete or inaccurate predictions of how organisms respond to natural patterns of temperature variation. For example, scale transition theory predicts that, in a variable environment, peak average performance is lower and occurs at a lower mean temperature than the peak of statically measured performance. We also demonstrate that temporal variation in performance is minimized near this new 'optimal' temperature. These factors add complexity to predictions of the consequences of climate change. We then move beyond the performance curve approach to consider the effects of rare, extreme temperatures. A statistical procedure (the environmental bootstrap) allows for longterm simulations that capture the temporal pattern of extremes (a Poisson interval distribution), which is characterized by clusters of events interspersed with long intervals of benign conditions. The bootstrap can be combined with biophysical models to incorporate temporal, spatial and physiological variation into evolutionary models of thermal tolerance. We conclude with several challenges that must be overcome to more fully develop our understanding of thermal performance in the context of a changing climate by explicitly considering different forms of small-scale variation. These challenges highlight the need to empirically and rigorously test existing theories.

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Constant diurnal temperature regime alters the impact of simulated climate warming on a tropical pseudoscorpion

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Temperature fluctuations during development reduce male fitness and may limit adaptive potential in tropical rainforest Drosophila

Temperature fluctuations during development reduce male fitness and may limit adaptive potential in tropical rainforest Drosophila

Predictability rather than amplitude of temperature fluctuations determines stress resistance in a natural population of Drosophila simulans

Thermal variation, thermal extremes and the physiological performance of individuals

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