Conspiracy Theories in Political Science and Political Theory

Giry, Julien; Pranvera, Tika,

doi:10.4324/9780429452734-1_8

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…On the other hand, this crossanalysis emphasises that conspiracy theories are not simple morality tales "that produce vicious circles of internally consistent explanations and analogies" (Farinelli 2021, p. 5). On the contrary, when entering the political arena, they can turn into hegemonic and systemic political worldviews (Giry and Tika 2020) serving the communication as well as the mode of governance of populists. Against this backdrop, the first section provides a literature review of the concepts of conspiracy theories and populism and offers a new theoretical framework to understand and operationalise them.…”

Section: Populism and Conspiracy Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Conspiracist Populism in Power: The Case of Kais Saied in Tunisia

Annovi

2024

Genealogy

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The aim of this paper is to conduct a literature review of the existing nexus between conspiracy theories and populist politics. Most of the literature considering the political nature of conspiracy theories has focused mainly on individual action and electoral choices, hence setting aside the agency of political leaders that deliberately resort to these tales to mobilise supporters. On the contrary, conspiracy theories are increasingly moving away from extremist politics to enter the institutional political arena and become part and parcel of the political narratives and strategies of institutional figures. Against this backdrop, the present work offers a new approach to investigate the connection between populist conspiracy theories and conspiracist populism and attempts to explain how conspiracist populism works and what its potential impact on contemporary democracies is. The analysis of the literature offers some theoretical insights to explore the specific case of the presidency of Kais Saied in Tunisia, which has been labelled as a form of constitutional populism integrating conspiracy theories. The inquiry on the Tunisian case demonstrates that conspiracy theories can represent both tactics and framings for populists in power, and, if democratic checks and balances are weak enough, they can lead to the erosion of democracy itself.

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Section: Populism and Conspiracy Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Conspiracist Populism in Power: The Case of Kais Saied in Tunisia

Annovi

2024

Genealogy

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“…Thus, both in domestic and in international scenarios where elites can easily be seen as paper tigers, the use of conspiracy theories by Manichean populists is rampant. At the same time, Giry and Tika (2020) argue that the discipline has provided very little empirical qualitative research on specific organized groups of conspiracy theorists, especially in Latin America. There are a few studies on conspiracy theories in Latin America (Hopper, 2020;Roniger and Senkman, 2019), but no study has systematically addressed their role.…”

Section: Conspiracy Theories Populism and Foreign Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Conspiracy Theories and Foreign Policy Narratives: Globalism in Jair Bolsonaro’s Foreign Policy

Guimarães¹,

Moreira²,

Silva³

et al. 2023

Latin American Perspectives

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An analysis of more than 2,000 speeches and social media posts on foreign policy issues from four members of Jair Bolsonaro’s government from January 2019 to December 2020 suggests that a conspiracy theory called “globalism,” which explains current events using a series of intrigues and stratagems carried out by fictitious enemies to undermine the national order, has not only taken root in Brazil’s foreign policy narrative but consistently been used over time by the cabinet members responsible for that policy. It also indicates that the use of “globalism” is not just a political strategy to persuade voters but a worldview embedded in Bolsonaro’s far-right cabinet. Uma análise de mais de 2.000 discursos e posts provenientes de redes sociais sobre questões da política externa do Brasil por quatro membros do gabinete do governo de Jair Bolsonaro de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020 indica que a teoria de conspiração denominada “globalismo,” que explica atualidades em termos de uma série de intrigas e estratégias implementadas por inimigos fictícios para minar a ordem nacional, não se arreigou apenas na narrativa exibida na política exterior brasileira mas também se utilizou há anos pelos mesmos membros do gabinete que são responsáveis por sua elaboração. Isso significa que o uso do “globalismo” não é só uma estratégia política para convencer eleitores mas é também uma visão do mundo que é enraizada no gabinete de Bolsonaro cuja origem reside na extreme direita.

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“…Les théories du complot (Giry et Tika, 2020) véhiculent une vision du monde et des rapports sociaux déterministe et essentialiste selon laquelle « un groupe ou un individu omnipotent, naviguant aux marges de la société, contrôle secrètement, lors de la campagne présidentielle de 2016 souligne que, d'une part, seule une faible partie de l'électorat en a eu connaissance et que, d'autre part, elles n'ont pas joué de rôle décisif dans le résultat de l'élection (Allcott et Gentzkow, 2017). 12 Il existe bien entendu des cas où les rumeurs persistent, notamment lorsqu'elles visent des personnalités publiques.…”

Section: Fake News Et Théories Du Complotunclassified

Les fake news comme concept de sciences sociales

Giry

2020

questionsdecommunication

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Désignée « mot de l'année 2017 » par le dictionnaire Collins, la formule fake news, notamment en raison des usages qui en sont faits par le président Trump, n'en finit pas d'alimenter les débats au sein des sciences sociales. S'agit-il d'un fait nouveau ou d'un simple mot-valise à la mode recouvrant d'autres phénomènes mieux connus et étudiés tels que les rumeurs, les théories du complot, la propagande ou la désinformation ? En d'autres termes, l'expression fake news est-elle un concept opératoire pour les sciences sociales ? Partant de cette interrogation, cet article entend procéder à un effort de cadrage autour de cette formule afin d'en faire une catégorie et un outil analytiques d'un fait social relativement autonome dans la mesure où, outre sa dimension profondément info-communicationnelle, elle se situe au carrefour des différentes notions citées précédemment, sans toutefois les recouper pleinement.

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Conspiracy Theories in Political Science and Political Theory

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Exploring Conspiracist Populism in Power: The Case of Kais Saied in Tunisia

Exploring Conspiracist Populism in Power: The Case of Kais Saied in Tunisia

Conspiracy Theories and Foreign Policy Narratives: Globalism in Jair Bolsonaro’s Foreign Policy

Les fake news comme concept de sciences sociales

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