Considerations for Unharvested Plant Potassium

Rosolem, Ciro Antônio; Mallarino, Antonio P.; Nogueira, Thiago Assis Rodrigues

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The K release by cover crops is also important for nutrient cycling for the subsequent cash crop (Rosolem et al., 2021). We did not find one species being outstanding from the others in multiple years for K uptake and release as it was for N, probably because of variations in weather conditions from year to year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover crop diversity for sustainable agriculture: Insights from the Cerrado biome

Souza,

Santos,

Ferreira

et al. 2024

Soil Use and Management

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Brazil is one of the largest soybean producer of the world and the Cerrado biome has played a pivotal role in this expansion. Due to the economic and agronomic challenges associated with the maize production as a second summer crop in this region, cover crops are gaining popularity as a strategy to diversify the agricultural system while enhancing soil health. This study assessed the benefits of single species of cover crops and a mix of cover crop species in between harvest seasons to the soybean grain yield and nematode supression. The study was carried out for three years in two locations within the Cerrado biome. We evaluated six cover crop treatments after soybean cultivation: 1) Mix of cover crops (Pennisetum glaucum, Crotalaria spectabilis, and Urochloa ruziziensis), 2) P. glaucum (Pearl millet), 3) Crotalaria spectabilis, 4) Urochloa ruziziensis (Congo grass) 5) Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (Marandu palisadegrass), and 6) Urochloa brizantha BRS Paiaguás (Paiaguás palisadegrass). P. glaucum and U. brizantha cv. Marandu produced highest amounts of biomass on a 3‐year average. In one site, P. glaucum produced more biomass than other cover crops by 210%. Tropical grasses (U. ruziziensis, Marandu, and Paiaguás), along with the cover crop mixture, exhibited intermediate biomass levels in the site with higher P. glaucum biomass production and did not differ from P. glaucum in the other site. Cover crops varied nutrient uptake depending on the species. Decomposition rates varied among cover crops as expected, with C. spectabilis decomposing rapidly and releasing substantial amounts nutrients, particularly nitrogen. In contrast, the cover crop mixture had a slower decomposition. The choice of cover crop significantly influenced soybean population and yield, with some variability across years and locations. The cover crop mixture consistently supported higher soybean populations and yields, highlighting its potential for enhancing soybean production, nutrient cycling, and nematode suppression. It effectively reduced nematode abundance in soybean roots, highlighting its role in nematode management. Our findings emphasize the robustness and versatility of cover crop mixtures in mitigating weather variability across years and sites. They consistently performed well in terms of biomass production, nutrient uptake, soybean yields, and nematode control. This study highlights the vital role of cover crops in the Cerrado ecosystem, enhancing soil health, crop productivity, and environmental sustainability. The choice of cover crop species and mixtures offers a valuable tool for farmers seeking resilient and sustainable agricultural practices amid changing environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover crop diversity for sustainable agriculture: Insights from the Cerrado biome

Souza,

Santos,

Ferreira

et al. 2024

Soil Use and Management

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“…was potassium (K), namely 1.16% and 1.51%. K is the nutrient required in largest amounts by plants after N. Its concentration in plants is affected mainly by plants species, site, year, tissue age, and fertilizer input [6]. Meanwhile, the highest micronutrient was iron (Fe) 175.8 ppm in A. mangium and 166.3 ppm in Nephrolepis sp.…”

Section: Macro and Micronutrients In Fresh Littermentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient release from decomposition of A. mangium and Nephrolepis sp. litter

Oktariani,

Hadiwijaya,

Sumawinata

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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In agricultural activities, fertilization is important. However, in some cases, plants can grow well without continuous fertilization. This due to the influence of plant litter and the presence of undergrowth which is a source of organic matter that supplies nutrients to the soil. The objectives of this study were to know the dynamic of nutrient release from litter decomposition and to find out the amount of nutrient content provided by decomposition of A. mangium and Nephrolepis sp. litter. Fresh litter of A. mangium and Nephrolepis sp. were put in the open area in a 0.2 m2 container with a water tank underneath. The leachate was taken every week, then the macro and micronutrients were analyzed in the laboratory. The results showed that the nutrients in the litter were released gradually through the leaching process from the first week of experiment. This indicates that since the beginning of decomposition process, the nutrients released can be used by plants. The highest nutrient released was potassium equivalent to 76.1 kg K ha−1year−1 for A. mangium and 114.7 kg K ha−1year−1 for Nephrolepis sp. Thus, the presence of litter and undergrowth has the potential to be used as fertilizer and contribute to providing nutrients for plants.

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“…Regarding phosphorus, the increasing nitrogen rates reduced biological nitrogen fixation and rhizosphere changes, leading to reductions in phosphorus concentrations in plant shoots (Tian et al, 2020). In a soybean-corn succession, potassium cycling is of paramount importance and must be understood (Rosolem, Mallarino, & Nogueira, 2021) since this nutrient helps both crops in the synthesis of carbohydrates, regulates the opening and closing of stomata, and improves root growth, all of which is required for efficient water use (Singh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Nutrient Concentrations In Shoots Of Intercropped Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential interaction of soybean-grass intercropping with residual nitrogen for a no-tillage system implementation

Batista,

Giacomini,

Gerdes

et al. 2023

Acta Sci. Agron.

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Combinations between crop intercropping and forage production in a no-tillage system are not well established for environments under low water retention and soil fertility conditions. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential interactions between soybean-grass intercropping with residual nitrogen in a no-tillage system. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications in a subdivided plot scheme. The main plots in the summer season were: 1) soybean monoculture; 2) soybean - Aruana Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Aruana) intercropping, and 3) soybean - Congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis cv. Comum) intercropping. The subplots were the nitrogen rates of 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1, applied as side-dressing in maize and grasses during the autumn-winter season. Here, the results of the summer seasons are shown. To do so, the parameters evaluated were soybean agronomic traits, dry biomass production, and macronutrient concentrations of plants intercropped. The main effects and interactions were studied. Our findings showed that soybean-Aruana Guinea grass intercropping is an alternative to no-tillage system implementation. Moreover, residual nitrogen from the autumn-winter season directly interfered with the dry biomass production of grasses intercropped with soybeans in the summer season. In short, the systems studied seem suitable for implementing a no-tillage system, which aims to neutralize degraded pastures and produce forage for ensilage. Despite the changes in macronutrient concentrations within the intercropping system and residual nitrogen, and among intercropped crops over the years, Congo grass intercropped with soybeans in the summer season showed great capacity for phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium cycling.

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Considerations for Unharvested Plant Potassium

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Cover crop diversity for sustainable agriculture: Insights from the Cerrado biome

Cover crop diversity for sustainable agriculture: Insights from the Cerrado biome

Nutrient release from decomposition of A. mangium and Nephrolepis sp. litter

Potential interaction of soybean-grass intercropping with residual nitrogen for a no-tillage system implementation

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