Conservative Treatment for Acute Ankle Sprain: A Systematic Review

Ortega-Ávila, Ana Belén; Cervera‐Garvi, Pablo; Marchena‐Rodriguez, Ana; Chicharro‐Luna, Esther; Nester, Christopher; Starbuck, Chelsea; Gijón-Noguerón, Gabriel

doi:10.3390/jcm9103128

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Ortega-Avila et al ( 21 ) (AMSTAR 11) included 20 studies, involving 2,236 subjects, to demonstrate that conservative treatment (e.g., RICE, cryotherapy, exercise, and manual therapy) effectively manages pain and functional recovery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to our revision, functional treatment represents a better choice than conservative treatment: fewer patients suffer from swelling, ROM limitations, joint stiffness, and joint instability. Moreover, patients are more satisfied, and they return earlier to their pre-injury work and sports activities; thus, the associated social costs could also be reduced ( 18 – 21 ). As far as recommending a functional treatment as the first choice to manage an acute ankle sprain, there are few studies that compare different types of external supports, even if it seems that some types of braces could be superior based on patient outcomes ( 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Ankle Sprain Management: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

et al. 2022

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Even though ankle sprains are among the most frequent musculoskeletal injuries seen in emergency departments, management of these injuries continues to lack standardization. Our objective was to carry out an umbrella review of systematic reviews to collect the most effective evidence-based treatments and to point out the state-of-the-art management for this injury. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library were searched from January 2000 to September 2020. After removing duplicates and applying the eligibility criteria, based on titles and abstracts, 32 studies were screened. At the end of the process, 24 articles were included in this umbrella review with a mean score of 7.7/11 on the AMSTAR quality assessment tool. We found evidence supporting the effectiveness of non-surgical treatment in managing acute ankle sprain; moreover, functional treatment seems to be preferable to immobilization. We also found evidence supporting the use of paracetamol or opioids as effective alternatives to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce pain. Furthermore, we found evidence supporting the effectiveness of manipulative and supervised exercise therapy to prevent re-injury and restore ankle dorsiflexion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Ankle Sprain Management: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

et al. 2022

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“…These treatments have a positive effect, and it is difficult to determine which method is superior. Research that directly compares the different treatment methods is limited [ 54 ]. A study by Ismail et al [ 14 ] compared 6 weeks of plyometric training and RT in patients with grade I and II CAI, and while both programs produced positive effects, the plyometric training was more effective than RT—strength improved similarly between groups, but there was a significant difference in balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Effect of Resistance and Balance Training on Isokinetic Eversion Strength, Dynamic Balance, Hop Test, and Ankle Score in Ankle Sprain

Wang

Kim

et al. 2021

Life

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Ankle sprain is a commonly recurring sports injury. This study aimed to compare the rehabilitation effects of resistance and balance training programs in patients with recurrent ankle sprain. Patients with recurrent lateral ankle sprain completed a home-based rehabilitation program comprising resistance training (RT; n = 27) or balance training (BT; n = 27). RT consisted of exercises using elastic tube bands, and BT consisted mainly of exercises performed using a variety of balance tools. Exercises were performed for 6 weeks, twice a day for 20 min, 5 days per week. Isokinetic eversion strength, Y-Balance test and hop tests, and foot and ankle outcome score (FAOS) were evaluated. Both RT and BT significantly improved strength and dynamic balance (p < 0.05). Compared to RT, BT also significantly improved the outcome of the crossover hop test (p = 0.008). The changes reflected group and time in pain (p = 0.022), sports (p = 0.027), and quality of life (p = 0.033) of FAOS were significantly greater in BT than RT.

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“…There is a dearth of studies on digital programs for acute ankle sprains, as supported by recently published systematic [51] and literature [52] reviews on the subject. We therefore broadened the search to include exercise-based approaches in general [23,[53][54][55].…”

Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Rehabilitation for Acute Ankle Sprains: Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study

Correia¹,

Molinos²,

Neves³

et al. 2021

JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol

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Background Ankle sprains are one of the most prevalent soft-tissue injuries worldwide. Physical therapy, especially progressive exercise, has proven effective in improving function, while preventing recurrence. Objective We aim to present the results of a fully remote and digitally guided rehabilitation program for acute ankle sprains. Methods We performed a prospective longitudinal cohort study of individuals eligible for workers’ compensation, who were referred for digital rehabilitation therapy for a sprained ankle. Therapeutic exercise sessions were to be performed independently by the patient at home using the biofeedback device provided by SWORD Health. Primary endpoints were the change in self-reported Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure–activities of daily living (FAAM–ADL) and FAAM–Sports scores. Participants were assessed at baseline, end of the program, and 6 months after program completion. Secondary outcomes included digital therapy dosage, pain and fatigue during sessions, and satisfaction. Results In total, 93 (89.4%) patients completed the program and 79 (76.0%) were available for follow-up. Changes in the primary outcomes between baseline and the 6-month follow-up were both significant (P<.001) and clinically meaningful: mean difference of –2.72 points (95% CI –3.31 to –2.13) on the NPRS (49.8% reduction), 21.7 points (95% CI 17.13-26.27) on the FAAM–ADL (41.1% increase), and 37.8 points (95% CI 30.45-45.15) on the FAAM-Sports (151.8% increase). Longer waiting periods between the accident date and treatment initiation were found to negatively impact functional status at baseline and at the end of the program, triggering an extension in the program duration. The total training volume (12.5 hours, SD 10.5 hours) was similar to that of other interventions for ankle sprains, but the dosage per week was much higher (2.4 hours per week, SD 0.87 hours per week). The mean patient satisfaction score was 8.8 (SD 1.57) out of 10. Among program completers, 83.9% attained full recovery and were discharged with no residual disability. Conclusions Being far less demanding in terms of human resources, the digital program presented constituted a viable, clinically effective, and convenient solution for ankle sprain rehabilitation, particularly during the pandemic. This is the first study presenting a fully remote home-based rehabilitation program for acute ankle sprains, with patients achieving sustained long-term results. This was a prospective cohort study and, as such, did not include a control group, but the results appear comparable to those published for face-to-face interventions. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04819022; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04819022

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Conservative Treatment for Acute Ankle Sprain: A Systematic Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Acute Ankle Sprain Management: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

Acute Ankle Sprain Management: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

Comparison of the Effect of Resistance and Balance Training on Isokinetic Eversion Strength, Dynamic Balance, Hop Test, and Ankle Score in Ankle Sprain

Digital Rehabilitation for Acute Ankle Sprains: Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study

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