Comparison of the Effect of Resistance and Balance Training on Isokinetic Eversion Strength, Dynamic Balance, Hop Test, and Ankle Score in Ankle Sprain

Wang, Haifang; Yu, Hailong; Kim, Yonghwan; Kan, Wencong

doi:10.3390/life11040307

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In addition, the relative risk that could be prevented by balance training was lowered from 0.15 to 0.40 [ 45 ], and it is unlikely that a preventive function could be achieved from strength training alone [ 46 , 47 ]. In a study comparing both strength and balance programs in ankle patients, both dynamic balance and muscle strength were improved in the balance-based training group, but only the muscle strength improved in the strength-based training group [ 20 ]. Therefore, emphasizing balance training and increasing the weight of training will be important guidelines for ankle sprain rehabilitation and prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Mobile-Based Rehabilitation in Adolescent Football Players with Recurrent Lateral Ankle Sprains during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Kai

Nam

2022

Healthcare

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Football is a sport involving dynamic movements, and ankle sprains are common sports injuries experienced by football players. Ankle sprains exhibit a high recurrence rate, and rehabilitation training is effective; however, expert-supervised rehabilitation (SVR) at training centers is difficult due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the effects of mobile-based rehabilitation (MBR) performed at home by high school football players. Sixty players (SVR: 30 and MBR: 30) with recurrent ankle sprains were analyzed. The rehabilitation program consisted of strength and balance training, and the training intensity was gradually increased from week 1 to week 8. The SVR group underwent training at the center with experts, and the BMR group were provided with programs and feedback using mobile devices. Ankle muscle strength was evaluated by measuring isometric eversion, inversion, plantarflexion, and dorsiflexion contraction using a hand-held dynamometer, and dynamic balance was assessed using the Y-balance test (YBT; anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral); the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) was used for the subjective evaluation. Measurements were conducted at weeks 1, 4, and 8. The patients visited the clinic within 1 week after the injury, and the first test was conducted after consent to participate in the research. Patients underwent the second test at an average of 3.2 weeks after the first test, and the last test at an average of 4.4 weeks after the second test. Although only the SVR group exhibited improvement in strength (eversion and dorsiflexion), YBT and subjective satisfaction at week 4, these measurements improved in both the SVR and MBR groups at week 8. Therefore, mobile–based rehabilitation could be a suitable alternative for high school athletes with ankle sprains who cannot undergo supervised rehabilitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rehabilitation training consisted of a 30-min daily strength and balance improvement program with reference to previous literature ( Figure 2 ) [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. To accurately match the quantity of training in the two groups, detailed information regarding the type of training, duration, frequency, intensity, and method were provided.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mobile-Based Rehabilitation in Adolescent Football Players with Recurrent Lateral Ankle Sprains during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Kai

Nam

2022

Healthcare

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“…A recent training study involving 54 athletes with a recurrent lateral ankle sprain provides longitudinal support for this view. These athletes completed either 6 weeks of resistance training (involving theraband-resisted inversion, eversion, plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, and heel and forefoot raise) or balance training (primarily using a BOSU ball and often performed on one leg) ( Wang, Yu & Kim, 2021 ). At the end of the 6 weeks of training, participants in both groups tended to show significant improvement in ankle strength, dynamic balance, hopping, and self-reported ankle function ( Wang, Yu & Kim, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ability of functional performance assessments to discriminate athletes with and without chronic ankle instability : a case-control study

Jamsandekar

Patel

Prabhakar

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background The decline in motor function associated with chronic ankle instability (CAI) can be assessed using Functional Performance tests. Ankle muscular strength, endurance and range of motion (ROM) has been assessed in previous studies but functional activities such as sprinting and change of direction are less well studied in athletes with CAI. Hence the aim of this study was to determine how sprint, change of direction, ankle isometric strength, endurance and ROM measures may be associated with discriminate athletes with and without CAI. Methods One hundred and six participants (CAI: n = 53 or no CAI: n = 53) provided informed consent to participate in this study. Participants performed three functional performance tests, (30-m sprint test, Modified Illinois change of direction test (MICODT)) and change of direction test. Range of motion for dorsiflexion was measured using weight bearing lunge test and inversion, eversion and plantarflexion using Saunders® digital inclinometer. Strength was assessed using Baseline® hand-held dynamometer for plantarflexors, dorsiflexors, invertors and evertors. Muscular endurance was assessed by single heel raise test and Modified single heel raise test. Between-group comparisons utilised Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U-tests, with a number of unique variable and multivariable binomial logistic regression performed to determine which performance measures may discriminate participants with CAI. Results The CAI participants performed significantly worse in the three functional performance tests as well as multiple measures of ankle ROM, isometric strength and muscular endurance (p < 0.008). While several measures of ROM (plantarflexion and dorsiflexion), strength (inversion and eversion) and both muscular endurance tests were significantly associated with CAI in the univariable analysis, the strongest association was the functional performance tests, especially MICDOT time (odds ratio (95% CI): 0.06 [0.02–0.17], sensitivity 94.3%, specificity 88.7%). Multivariable regression analyses indicated that performance across the functional performance tests were more strongly associated with CAI than any ankle ROM, muscular strength or endurance test. Further, the inclusion of the best ankle range of motion, strength or muscular endurance tests did not significantly improve upon the association of the MICDOT with CAI. Conclusions Chronic ankle instability in athletic populations appears to be highly associated with declines in functional performance and to a somewhat lesser extent, ankle range of motion, strength and muscle endurance measures. This may suggest that optimal rehabilitation for athletes with CAI may require a greater focus on improving sprinting speed and change of direction ability in the mid to latter stages of rehabilitation, with regular assessments of these functional performance tests necessary to guide the progression and overload of this training.

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“…When speaking about the benefits of PT for neuromuscular control, we refer to improvements in muscle reflex activity [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], reaction time [ 12 ]), rate of force development and electromiography activity [ 13 ]. On the other hand, the outcomes of interest for functional performance are expressed in terms of postural control [ 14 , 15 ], agility [ 15 , 16 ], muscle strength [ 15 ], jump performance [ 13 , 16 , 17 ], and sprint time [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Zech et al [ 19 ], the PT improvements in balance skills are clearly documented, compared to the effects on jump, sprint, agility and strength, or neuromuscular outcomes, that appear inconsistent. Apart from the large variability of exercises, the explanation of this incongruence lies in the characteristics of the subjects and the dosage of balance training [ 9 , 10 , 14 , 16 ]. Specifically, the training status of subjects seems to be relevant; for instance, PT had no effects on strength in athletes and recreationally active persons, but significantly improved knee muscle strength in nonathletes [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Proprioceptive Training on Balance, Strength, Agility and Dribbling in Adolescent Male Soccer Players

Gidu

Bădău

Stoica

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The aim of the study was to determine the effects of proprioceptive training (PT) on balance, strength, agility and dribbling in adolescent soccer players. In this research, we included an experimental (n = 48) and a control (n = 48) group (CG) with 14 years old players. The experimental group (EG) participated in an 8 week PT program, with four 30 minute sessions per week. The experimental program included 12 bosu ball exercises to improve balance, stability and strength which were grouped into two subprograms: the first not using the soccer ball, the second subprogram using the soccer ball. The subprograms were implemented alternately during 16 proprioceptive training sessions, on two types of firm and foam surfaces. Pre- and post-tests included the static balance [Balance Error Scoring System (BESS)], vertical, horizontal, and lateral jumping, and the completion of agility (“arrowhead”) and dribbling (“short dribbling”) tests. Regarding the total BESS score, the CG has demonstrated progress between the pre- and the post-test, with 0.780 ± 0.895, fewer errors, while the EG had 5.828 ± 1.017 fewer errors. The difference between the two groups was of 5.148 fewer errors for the EG who had practiced the proposed program of proprioceptive training. The highest difference registered between the pre- and the post-test was at the test “single-leg forward jump with the right leg”, with a result of 1.083 ± 0.459 cm for the CG and of 3.916 ± 0. 761 cm for the EG. Through the analysis of average differences between the pre- and the post-tests, we observe that, regarding the “Agility right side test”, the EG has progressed with 0.382 s in comparison with the CG; regarding the “Agility left side test”, the EG has progressed with 0.233 s compared to the CG; regarding the “Agility right and left side test”, the EG has progressed with 0.196 s compared to the CG; in the “Short dribbling test”, the EG has progressed with 0.174 s compared to the CG. The highest progress was made at the “Agility right side test”, of 0.402 s for the EG, while the CG registered 0.120 s. Most of the results in all tests for both experimental groups show an effect size ranging from small to medium. The progress made by the experimental group in all tests was statistically significant, while in the control group the progress was mostly statistically insignificant for p < 0.05. The results suggest that a PT program performed at about 14 years of age could be successfully implemented in the training regime of soccer players to improve components of fitness along with dribbling skills. The results of the study revealed that sports training on the foam surfaces determined a superior progress of the development of proprioception compared to the increased training on the firm surfaces.

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Comparison of the Effect of Resistance and Balance Training on Isokinetic Eversion Strength, Dynamic Balance, Hop Test, and Ankle Score in Ankle Sprain

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of Mobile-Based Rehabilitation in Adolescent Football Players with Recurrent Lateral Ankle Sprains during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Effects of Mobile-Based Rehabilitation in Adolescent Football Players with Recurrent Lateral Ankle Sprains during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ability of functional performance assessments to discriminate athletes with and without chronic ankle instability : a case-control study

The Effects of Proprioceptive Training on Balance, Strength, Agility and Dribbling in Adolescent Male Soccer Players

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