Conservation Tillage and Organic Matter management on Soil Structure

Khalid, Abdul Aziz; Tuffour, Henry Oppong; Abubakari, Awudu; Novor, Samuel

doi:10.18689/mjaes-1000103

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These results indicate that CT operations can significantly decrease bulk density at least in the short term, consequently increasing as time from tillage operation further increases through the crop season (Telak et al., 2020). Regarding temporal outcomes for RT, OT and NT, they coincided with studies where no significant short to long‐term effects of tillage on bulk density under conservation tillage systems have been reported (Dao, 1996; Khalid et al., 2019; Martínez et al., 2008). Averages for the sum of data for both phases to analyse differences in bulk density by tillage showed a significant variation mainly as a result of the lower (rather stable for both experimental phases) bulk density value on OT.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Dry Bulk Densitysupporting

confidence: 70%

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Assessing the effects of different tillage systems on selected physical and chemical properties of a silty clay loam soil under different field conditions in the Czech Republic

Abebrese,

Kara,

Báťková

et al. 2023

Soil Use and Management

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Under the recent water‐limiting crisis on farmlands in the Czech Republic, more sustainable approaches to improve water infiltration and suction within the soil layer useful for plant growth is crucial. This study sought to explore changes induced by applied tillage system, and time after tillage (considering two field conditions; at crop maturity when the soil had consolidated long after tillage, and after tillage and seeding operations). The tillage systems investigated were reduced tillage (RT), occasional tillage (OT), no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). Soil properties at 0–30 cm depth analysed were dry bulk density, soil organic matter content, saturated volumetric water content and saturated hydraulic conductivity. After the tillage and seeding operations, soil organic matter increased on all conservation tillage plots (RT, OT and NT) but decreased under CT. Insignificant changes in dry bulk density were observed on the conservation tillage plots, whereas CT reduced dry bulk density by 15.3%. Saturated hydraulic conductivity fluctuated significantly under OT and CT, while remaining stable under RT and NT. Generally, significant variability in organic matter influenced changes in saturated volumetric water content and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Changes in dry bulk density on all the tilled plots (RT, OT, and CT) did not show any significant relationship with saturated volumetric water content. Likewise, no significant relationship between changes in bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity on all plots were observed. While organic matter improvements under OT positively correlated with saturated volumetric water content, its seasonal dynamics under saturated hydraulic conductivity can be further studied. CT causes high instabilities in both saturated volumetric water content and saturated hydraulic conductivity leading to impaired characteristics during the soil's consolidated state.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Dry Bulk Densitysupporting

confidence: 70%

Assessing the effects of different tillage systems on selected physical and chemical properties of a silty clay loam soil under different field conditions in the Czech Republic

Abebrese,

Kara,

Báťková

et al. 2023

Soil Use and Management

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“…In our study, the effect of organic matter from maize and bean residues was linked to the mineral constituents of a sandy soil. The results showed a slight similarity with the works of Gupta et al (1987) and Guerif and Faure (1979), but differed from those obtained by Khalid et al (2019). However, they studied total porosity in a field experiment.…”

Section: Soil Structural Voids Ratio (E S )supporting

confidence: 67%

“…Guerif (1990) found that soil aggregation could be related to the effect due to the interaction of agents such as organic matter and clay content. Khalid et al (2019) conducted an experiment with maize and cowpea mulch incorporated into the soil with a hoe to evaluate the effect of these residues on soil properties, They found that bean straw produced higher total porosity than corn (49.28% against 47.95%). However, the difference was not significant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

February 2023

2023

Aust J Crop Sci

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Crop residues can either be incorporated into the soil or left on the soil surface as a mulch producing soil organic matter in different quantities, having many potential benefits such as reducing soil compaction caused by passage of agricultural machines. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of crop residues such as maize and bean straw on the dynamic properties of a sandy soil incorporated in the laboratory condition. The experiment was carried out in laboratory. Air-dried maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp) straw with an average size of 35 mm were incorporated into the soil in proportions of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% in trays. Sample of each soil was collected to determine the organic matter after 120 days in wet conditions. An isolated design was carried out for each soil from maize and bean straw, consisting of two soil densities (1.2 and 1.4 g/cm3), 4 carbon contents and 4 water contents from tensions of 20, 40, 60 and 80 kPa (2x4x4) with 3 repetitions. The soil compression curves of the soil samples were determined adjusted in cylinders with 70 mm diameter and 24 mm in height using the oedometric test. The structural voids index as a function of applied pressure, as well as the soil compression index and pre-compression stresses as a function of water content and carbon content were evaluated using linear regression models with coefficient of determination at 95% confidence. The soil compression index showed a strong positive correlation with organic matter (carbon) derived from bean (r = 0.905) and maize straw (r = 0.787) at 95% confidence. The soil density was 1.2 g cm -3, which was explained by a simple linear regression model.

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“…Moreover, tillage breaks macro-aggregates and exposes protected OM "inside the aggregates" to microbial decay [59,141]. Consequently, reducing soil disturbance can provide a potential to reduce SOC degradation by increasing its protection either inside the macro-aggregates or maintaining it on the soil surface [2,59,66,68,142]. This explanation has been supported by the significant increase in the portion of SOC inside macro-aggregates [26,59], wherein some estimates indicated that the most SOC (more than 75%) was stocked into macroaggregates [71,143].…”

Section: Effect Of Tillage On Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation Agriculture Effects on Soil Water Holding Capacity and Water-Saving Varied with Management Practices and Agroecological Conditions: A Review

et al. 2021

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Improving soil water holding capacity (WHC) through conservation agriculture (CA)-practices, i.e., minimum mechanical soil disturbance, crop diversification, and soil mulch cover/crop residue retention, could buffer soil resilience against climate change. CA-practices could increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and alter pore size distribution (PSD); thus, they could improve soil WHC. This paper aims to review to what extent CA-practices can influence soil WHC and water-availability through SOC build-up and the change of the PSD. In general, the sequestered SOC due to the adoption of CA does not translate into a significant increase in soil WHC, because the increase in SOC is limited to the top 5–10 cm, which limits the capacity of SOC to increase the WHC of the whole soil profile. The effect of CA-practices on PSD had a slight effect on soil WHC, because long-term adoption of CA-practices increases macro- and bio-porosity at the expense of the water-holding pores. However, a positive effect of CA-practices on water-saving and availability has been widely reported. Researchers attributed this positive effect to the increase in water infiltration and reduction in evaporation from the soil surface (due to mulching crop residue). In conclusion, the benefits of CA in the SOC and soil WHC requires considering the whole soil profile, not only the top soil layer. The positive effect of CA on water-saving is attributed to increasing water infiltration and reducing evaporation from the soil surface. CA-practices’ effects are more evident in arid and semi-arid regions; therefore, arable-lands in Sub-Sahara Africa, Australia, and South-Asia are expected to benefit more. This review enhances our understanding of the role of SOC and its quantitative effect in increasing water availability and soil resilience to climate change.

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Conservation Tillage and Organic Matter management on Soil Structure

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Assessing the effects of different tillage systems on selected physical and chemical properties of a silty clay loam soil under different field conditions in the Czech Republic

Assessing the effects of different tillage systems on selected physical and chemical properties of a silty clay loam soil under different field conditions in the Czech Republic

February 2023

Conservation Agriculture Effects on Soil Water Holding Capacity and Water-Saving Varied with Management Practices and Agroecological Conditions: A Review

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