Conservation Strategy: The Effects of Fragmentation on Extinction

Wilcox, Bruce A.; Murphy, Dennis D.

doi:10.1086/284386

Cited by 821 publications

(509 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

455

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Habitat fragmentation has the potential to dramatically impact ecosystem integrity (Wilcox and Murphy, 1985) and indeed, there have been demonstrated impacts of fragmentation in seagrass meadows (Hovel, 2003). Such impacts remain to be examined over the spatial scale of mooring damage that we have observed in temperate seagrass meadows.…”

Section: Nsw Fisheries Managementmentioning

confidence: 84%

A comparison of the impact of ‘seagrass-friendly’ boat mooring systems on Posidonia australis

Demers

Davis

Knott³

2013

Marine Environmental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Permanent boat moorings have contributed to the decline of seagrasses worldwide, prompting the development of 'seagrass-friendly' moorings. We contrasted seagrass cover and density (predominantly Posidonia australis) in the vicinity of three mooring types and nearby reference areas lacking moorings in Jervis Bay, Australia. We examined two types of 'seagrass-friendly' mooring and a conventional 'swing' mooring. 'Swing' moorings produced significant seagrass scour, denuding patches of ∼9 m radius. Seagrassfriendly 'cyclone' moorings produced extensive denuded patches (average radius of ∼18 m). Seagrass-friendly 'screw' moorings, conversely, had similar seagrass cover to nearby reference areas. Our findings reinforce previous work highlighting the negative effects of 'swing' and 'cyclone' moorings. In contrast, the previously unstudied 'screw' moorings were highly effective. We conclude that regular maintenance of moorings and the monitoring of surrounding seagrass are required to ensure that 'seagrass-friendly' moorings are operating effectively. This is important, as following damage Posidonia will take many decades to recover. AbstractPermanent boat moorings have contributed to the decline of seagrasses worldwide, prompting the development of 'seagrass-friendly' moorings. We contrasted seagrass cover and density (predominantly Posidonia australis) in the vicinity of three mooring types and nearby reference areas lacking moorings in Jervis Bay, Australia. We examined two types of 'seagrass-friendly' mooring and a conventional 'swing' mooring. 'Swing' moorings produced significant seagrass scour, denuding patches of ~9 m radius. Seagrass-friendly 'cyclone' moorings produced extensive denuded patches (average radius of ~18 m). Seagrass-friendly 'screw' moorings, conversely, had similar seagrass cover to nearby reference areas. Our findings reinforce previous work highlighting the negative effects of 'swing' and 'cyclone' moorings. In contrast, the previously unstudied 'screw' moorings were highly effective. We conclude that regular maintenance of moorings and the monitoring of surrounding seagrass are required to ensure that 'seagrass-friendly' moorings are operating effectively. This is important, as following damage Posidonia will take many decades to recover.

show abstract

Section: Nsw Fisheries Managementmentioning

confidence: 84%

A comparison of the impact of ‘seagrass-friendly’ boat mooring systems on Posidonia australis

Demers

Davis

Knott³

2013

Marine Environmental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Anthropogenic habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to biodiversity worldwide and their negative effect on the environment are considered one of the most important issues in nature conservation (Wilcox and Murphy 1985;Sih et al 2000;Fahrig 2003). The influence of the size and isolation of habitat islands for plant species richness and density has been the subject of intense, experimental (Debinski and Holt 2000 and cited literature) and observational research, the latter including a broad range of ecosystems (Fahrig 2003;Ibáñez et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and patch size drive specialist plant species density within steppe islands: a case study of kurgans in southern Ukraine

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fragmentation and isolation of preserved habitat patches within intensive agricultural landscape threaten species survival in steppes. In Ukraine, \5 % of the original steppe area has survived, mostly in nature reserves, loess ravines and kurgans (burial mounds). The latter are small, but relatively numerous objects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether plant species density (= the number of species per plot) within small steppe patches on kurgans differs from that within large steppe enclaves in southern Ukraine. Another aim was to determine the influence of patch area, isolation and heat load index on species density on kurgans. Presence-absence data for vascular plant species were collected on plots of a size of 100 and 1 m 2 . Thirty kurgans and ten sites within large steppe enclaves were sampled. Every noted species was classified as specialist or generalist. For kurgans data on area and degree of isolation were collected. Additionally the heat load index for plots on kurgans was calculated. The density of habitat specialists was higher in larger steppe enclaves than on kurgans at both spatial scales. On kurgans the most important predictors of specialist density were isolation (negative) and kurgan area (positive). The density of generalists was positively affected by the heat load index. Kurgans can provide refuges for steppe plant species. However, our results show that over a longer time period, proximity to larger steppe refuges is important to maintain species diversity within these small patches.Communicated by Johannes Kamp.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

show abstract

“…Atualmente, a fragmentação de habitats tem sido considerada como um dos problemas ambientais fundamentais para a conservação da biodiversidade no mundo, tornando de suma importância sua compreensão (Fahrig, 2001;Fernandez, 1997;Sih et al, 2000;Wilcox & Murphy, 1985). Os efeitos da fragmentação sobre a fauna são variáveis de acordo com a biologia da espécie sob foco, de forma que as espécies generalistas tendem a apresentar uma melhor adaptação aos ambientes fragmentados quando comparadas às especialistas (Gentile & Fernandez, 1999;Oehler & Litvaitis, 1996 (Koffler, 1993;Valente & Vettorazzi, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Segundo Fernandez (1997) (Murcia, 1995;Saunders et al, 1991). Também pode haver morte de indivíduos, atingindo o grau máximo com a extinção de alguns grupos (Murcia, 1995;Wilcox & Murphy, 1985). Laurance et al (2002) encontraram efeitos de borda negativos para diversos taxa na Floresta Amazônica, efeitos que parecem não ser tão evidentes em florestas temperadas, segundo Kremsater & Bunnel (1999).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Geneticamente, temse subdivisão de populações, o que pode causar a perda de populações viáveis devido à endogamia e à perda de heterozigose nas populações remanescentes (Wilcox & Murphy, 1985). Laurance et al (1997), em estudo realizado na Floresta Amazônica, puderam constatar um declínio no acúmulo de biomassa vegetal nos remanescentes florestais, indicando uma mudança na estrutura da comunidade a curto e médio prazo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diversidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte em relação à paisagem da Bacia do Rio Passa-Cinco, São Paulo.

Dotta¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Conservation Strategy: The Effects of Fragmentation on Extinction

Cited by 821 publications

References 34 publications

A comparison of the impact of ‘seagrass-friendly’ boat mooring systems on Posidonia australis

A comparison of the impact of ‘seagrass-friendly’ boat mooring systems on Posidonia australis

Isolation and patch size drive specialist plant species density within steppe islands: a case study of kurgans in southern Ukraine

Diversidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte em relação à paisagem da Bacia do Rio Passa-Cinco, São Paulo.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About