Conservation of Native Pacific Trout Diversity in Western North America

Penaluna, Brooke E.; Abadía-Cardoso, Alicia; Dunham, Jason B.; León, Francisco J. García‐De; Gresswell, Robert E.; Ruiz‐Luna, Arturo; Taylor, Eric B.; Shepard, Bradley B.; Al‐Chokhachy, Robert; Muhlfeld, Clint C.; Bestgen, Kevin R.; Rogers, Kevin B.; Escalante, Marco A.; Keeley, Ernest R.; Temple, Gabriel M.; Williams, Jack E.; Matthews, Kathleen; Pierce, Ron.; Mayden, Richard L.; Kovach, Ryan P.; Garza, John Carlos; Fausch, Kurt D.

doi:10.1080/03632415.2016.1175888

Cited by 48 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Given that the RGCT is the southernmost subspecies of Cutthroat Trout (Penaluna et al. ), we expected warming stream temperatures to be a larger threat. However, similar to other subspecies of inland Cutthroat Trout (Roberts et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Penaluna et al. ). Invasions can have strong and consistent direct effects through biotic interactions (Peterson et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The introduction of nonnative salmonids and anthropogenic habitat alteration are the primary drivers restricting the distribution of RGCT (Pritchard and Cowley ; Penaluna et al. ). The subspecies currently remains in only 12% of the 10,700 km of streams they historically occupied in the Rio Grande, Canadian River, and Pecos River basins of New Mexico and Colorado (Alves et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting Persistence of Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Populations in an Uncertain Future

Zeigler¹,

Rogers

Roberts

et al. 2019

N American J Fish Manag

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The Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis (RGCT) occupies just 12% of its ancestral range. As the southernmost subspecies of Cutthroat Trout, we expect a warming climate to bring additional stressors to RGCT populations, such as increased stream temperatures, reduced streamflows, and increased incidence of wildfire. We developed a Bayesian network (BN) model using site‐specific data, empirical research, and expert knowledge to estimate the probability of persistence for each of the 121 remaining RGCT conservation populations and to rank the severity of the threats they face. These inputs quantified the genetic risks (e.g., inbreeding risk and hybridization risk), population demographics (disease risk, habitat suitability, and survival), and probability of stochastic disturbances (stream drying risk and wildfire risk) in an uncertain future. We also created stream temperature and base flow discharge models coupled with regionally downscaled climate projections to predict future abiotic conditions at short‐term (2040s) and long‐term (2080s) time horizons. In the absence of active management, we predicted a decrease in the average probability of population persistence from 0.53 (current) to 0.31 (2040s) and 0.26 (2080s). Only 11% of these populations were predicted to have a greater than 75% chance of persisting to the 2080s. Threat of invasion by nonnative trout had the strongest effect on population persistence. Of the 78 populations that are already invaded or lacking complete barriers, 60% were estimated to be extirpated by 2080 and the remainder averaged only a 10% chance of persistence. In contrast, the effects of increased stream temperatures were predicted to affect the future persistence of only 9% of the 121 RGCT populations remaining, as most have been restricted to high‐elevation habitats that are cold enough to buffer against some stream warming. Our BN model provides a framework for evaluating threats and will be useful to guide management actions that are likely to provide the most benefit for long‐term conservation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Penaluna et al. ). Invasions can have strong and consistent direct effects through biotic interactions (Peterson et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting Persistence of Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Populations in an Uncertain Future

Zeigler¹,

Rogers

Roberts

et al. 2019

N American J Fish Manag

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“…; Penaluna et al. ; Lackey ; Warren et al. ), particularly for migratory anadromous forms like steelhead (NMFS ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancestry and Adaptation of Rainbow Trout in Yosemite National Park

Pearse

Campbell

2018

Fisheries

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California's Central Valley contains an abundance of rivers with historical and potential productivity for anadromous salmonids, which are currently limited by impacts such as dams, water diversions, and high temperatures. We surveyed genetic variation in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss within the upper Tuolumne and Merced rivers in and around Yosemite National Park to evaluate both population origins (ancestry) and the evolutionary response to natural and artificial barriers to migration (adaptation). This analysis revealed that despite extensive stocking with hatchery Rainbow Trout strains throughout the study area, most populations retained largely indigenous ancestry. Adaptive genomic variation associated with anadromy was distributed throughout the study area, with higher frequencies observed in populations connected to reservoirs that are known to support adfluvial life history variants. Fish in southern Central Valley rivers experience temperatures near the upper thermal limit for salmonids and represent an important reservoir of genomic diversity for adaptation to climate change. These results highlight the importance of local adaptation as well as the potential for resident Rainbow Trout populations above barrier dams to contribute to the recovery of steelhead (anadromous Rainbow Trout) once migratory connectivity is restored between upstream spawning and rearing habitats and the ocean.

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“…; Penaluna et al. ), both to improve our understanding of the species and inform management. Surveying large rivers can be costly, time‐consuming, and logistically difficult because of their sheer length as well as greater relative depth, width, and discharge, which can restrict the use of certain sampling methods (Beechie et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Describing Fine‐Scale Patterns of Genetic Structure and Introgression of Redband Trout in a Complex River System

Bohling

Starcevich

Bailey

2019

N American J Fish Manag

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The conservation status of Redband Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri has been an increasing concern of fish managers. Effective fish management first requires an understanding of the spatial distribution of distinct populations and the processes influencing gene flow. We performed a genetic analysis of Redband Trout from the Deschutes River basin in central Oregon to discern population genetic structure and the genetic impacts of an extensive hatchery stocking program and several potential barriers to dispersal. Conducting surveys in lateral habitats, we sampled over 1,400 young‐of‐the‐year Redband Trout and genotyped them at a panel of 269 SNPs using genotyping‐in‐thousands by sequencing. We found that within this section of the Deschutes River basin there were multiple distinct genetic groups of Redband Trout, with an irrigation diversion dam and only one of eight waterfalls in the study area acting as complete barriers to gene flow. Within these distinct genetic groups there was a strong signal of isolation by distance. Despite the extensive stocking of large numbers out‐of‐basin hatchery Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, our results indicated that introgression of wild fish occurred only with a locally derived hatchery strain of Redband Trout. Hatchery influence was greatest in Fall River and in neighboring portions of the Deschutes River. The combination of spatially explicit sampling in lateral habitat with genotyping via high‐throughput sequencing provided an effective sampling design for this large river and its tributaries. Such an approach may be useful elsewhere for identifying genetic management units of Redband Trout and other widespread freshwater fishes.

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Conservation of Native Pacific Trout Diversity in Western North America

Cited by 48 publications

References 108 publications

Predicting Persistence of Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Populations in an Uncertain Future

Predicting Persistence of Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Populations in an Uncertain Future

Ancestry and Adaptation of Rainbow Trout in Yosemite National Park

Describing Fine‐Scale Patterns of Genetic Structure and Introgression of Redband Trout in a Complex River System

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