Conservation, contraception and controversy: Supporting human rights to enable sustainable fisheries in Madagascar

Singleton, Rebecca; Allison, Edward H.; Gough, Charlotte; Kamat, Vinay R.; LeBillon, Philippe; Robson, Laura; Sumaila, U. Rashid

doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101946

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Fish prices greatly vary over time and space (quality, seasonality, local preference, seller, buyer) however it has been shown that fish prices are generally higher close to markets (Schmitt andKramer 2009, Brewer 2011). Middlemen can contribute to fishing income generation in remote communities while fishing households close to markets can increase their incomes by selling their catch directly to markets (Brewer 2011), especially women (Singleton et al 2019). Most fishers lack information about market prices thus middlemen may drive fish prices down when competition is high prompting households to fish more to ensure stable incomes especially close to markets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the complex roles of markets on coral reefs in northwest Madagascar

Maire¹,

D’agata²,

Aliaume³

et al. 2020

E&S

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Rapid degradation of the world's coral reefs jeopardizes their ecological functioning and ultimately imperils the wellbeing of the millions of people with reef-dependent livelihoods. Ecosystem accessibility is the main driver of their conditions, with the most accessible ecosystems being most at risk of resource depletion. People's socioeconomic conditions can change as they get further from urban centers and can profoundly influence people's relationship with the environment. However, the mechanisms through which increasing accessibility from human societies affects natural resources are still unclear. A plausible mechanism through which markets influence the environment is through the socioeconomic changes that tend to accompany accessibility. We used social and ecological data from 10 coastal communities and 31 reefs in northwest Madagascar to (i) unravel the respective influences of the local fish market and coastal communities on reef fish biomass and (ii) investigate how communities' socioeconomic and resource use characteristics change with increasing proximity to markets. We used generalized additive models to reveal that reef fish biomass is strongly related to the accessibility of both markets and local communities. We also highlight that the ways coastal communities use marine resources changes predictably with market proximity. More precisely, market proximity affects fishing gear (technique effect), wealth, and selling strategies (scale effect) of coastal communities. Our findings emphasize the need to better quantify links between markets and fishing communities through household-level surveys to implement market-based actions that could help to regulate the effect of markets on both fish stocks and fishing communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the complex roles of markets on coral reefs in northwest Madagascar

Maire¹,

D’agata²,

Aliaume³

et al. 2020

E&S

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“…By partially alleviating the immediate pressures on fishers' daily lives, these initiatives help open up the space in which resource management and governance can take place (Singleton et al, 2019). Providing these desired services may also help reduce overfishing by reducing dependence on fisheries, and empowering women to become more active income generators, decision makers, and influencers within the community.…”

Section: Addressing Poverty-related Barriers To Enable Resource Manmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, community members increasingly value being involved in social, ecological and fisheries monitoring programs, which allow them to start understanding how their management actions, such as reef reserves and PFCs, are working. Thus, BV now focuses on the development of mixed methods evaluation protocols (see Singleton et al, 2019), complementary participatory monitoring methods such as photovoice (Funk, 2018) and participatory video (Asadullah & Muniz, 2015), and mechanisms to enable feedback of monitoring results to communities, as tools to support discussions around adaptive management.…”

Section: Monitoring and Adaptive Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade and a half of learning from Madagascar's first locally managed marine area

Gardner

Cripps

Day

et al. 2020

Conservat Sci and Prac

Self Cite

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While the participatory management of small scale fisheries has been widely promoted, we have limited understanding of the factors influencing its effectiveness. Here, we highlight lessons learnt from the implementation of Madagascar's first locally managed marine area (LMMA), drawing on our insights and experiences as staff of a comanaging nongovernmental organization (NGO). We describe the LMMA's context and history, and highlight aspects of our approach that we feel underpin its outcomes, including: (a) comanagement rather than communitymanagement; (b) the permanent field presence of a supporting NGO; (c) a management focus on locally important natural resources; (d) the implementation of poverty alleviation initiatives aimed at reducing barriers to management; (e) decision-making by resource users rather than scientists; (f) a diversified, entrepreneurial funding model; and (g) an emphasis on monitoring and adaptive management. We also highlight several challenges, including: (a) the inability to influence fishery supply chains; (b) promoting participation and good governance; (c) promoting rule application; (d) standing up to outsiders; (e) promoting environmental management in the long term; and (f) maintaining funding. Our experiences suggest that small scale fishers can be effective natural resource managers in low-income contexts, but may need extended support from outsiders; however, the role of supporting NGO is nuanced and complex.

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“…Coastal communities who depend on small-scale fisheries for food and income are prime candidates for these community-level interventions and participatory designs due to their geographically K E Y W O R D S community-based conservation, impact evaluation, mangroves, mud crabs, participatory methods isolated nature and their direct dependence on their surrounding ecosystems (Béné & Friend, 2011;McGoodwin, 2001). Although small-scale fisheries contribute to around half of global fish catches and employ nearly 95% of the world's fish-workers, many of these communities suffer from low income and have limited access to basic services such as healthcare (Béné & Friend, 2011;McGoodwin, 2001;Needham & Funge-Smith, 2015;Pomeroy & Andrew, 2011;Singleton et al, 2019). Community-led small-scale fisheries reform to improve food security, gender equity and economic development that can be achieved through a marine management plan that incorporates multiple use of areas by managing anthropogenic impacts (McGoodwin, 2001;Mills et al, 2011).…”

Section: Programmes May Be Initiated By An External Organization Butmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Community health: the People-Health -Environment (PHE) approach aims to improve community health through health advocacy and improve access to basic services (see Mayhew et al, 2020). The PHE approach is intended to remove the barrier of poor health that often limits community engagement in marine conservation (see Singleton et al, 2019).…”

Section: Lack Of Financial Services and Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a participatory impact assessment framework to evaluate a community‐led mangrove and fisheries conservation approach in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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Conservation, contraception and controversy: Supporting human rights to enable sustainable fisheries in Madagascar

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

Disentangling the complex roles of markets on coral reefs in northwest Madagascar

Disentangling the complex roles of markets on coral reefs in northwest Madagascar

A decade and a half of learning from Madagascar's first locally managed marine area

Using a participatory impact assessment framework to evaluate a community‐led mangrove and fisheries conservation approach in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

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