Using a participatory impact assessment framework to evaluate a community‐led mangrove and fisheries conservation approach in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

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Zone-Based Tourism Planning Using Satellite Imagery

“…In the perspective of researchers, the tourism planning framework proposed by Zain (2011) is better suited for implementation in areas of the mangrove ecosystem that already host tourist attractions or have established walking tourism routes, such as TMC (e.g Muchibi, 2015;Nugraha et al, 2015;Pranatha et al, 2015;Idajati et al, 2016;Wakyudi, 2016;Ambarita, 2017;Juhariah, 2017;Wijaya, 2020;Kasim, 2021;Rahayu, 2021;Ramadhan, 2021;Santoso et al 2021;Cheris et al, 2022). Conversely, this planning concept appears to be less suitable for areas within the mangrove ecosystem lacking tourist attractions, protected zones, or defined boundaries (such e.g., Abdullah et al 2014;Purnomo et al 2015;DasGupta & Shaw, 2016;Setiawan, 2016;Umilia & Asbar, 2016;Hutabarat, 2018;Damastuti & de Groot, 2019;Martínez-Espinosa et al 2020;Miller et al 2020;Valenzuela et al 2020;Arumugam et al 2021;Aulia et al 2021;Ely et al, 2021;Handayani, 2021;Rakotomahazo et al 2021;Suyadi et al 2021;Wahyurini et al 2021;Gómez-Ruiz et al 2022: Nyangoko et al 2022. This is because during the inventory phase, the study involves both physical and non-physical information about mangrove areas for planning purposes, serving as both supporting and primary data.…”

Holistic conservation approaches: Supporting resiliency in times of crisis

“…The ENGO looks to improve human well‐being and produce conservation outcomes through a simple four step approach: (a) secure rights and co‐management opportunities for communities, (b) provide incentives and deterrents to support sustainable resource management , (c) facilitate inclusive local governance institutions (later referred to as Conservation Cooperatives) to oversee decision‐making processes, and (d) support regenerative value chains for resilient livelihoods. The flagship Conservation Cooperative (CC) model is used to facilitate this process (see Miller et al, 2020 for an evaluation of the model). CC's integrate livelihood, health, and education services into conservation programs while acting as a community‐based organization to be a local governance and decision‐making body.…”

“…It is critical that future evaluations include data from counter‐factual control sites to establish if the results produced through the ENGO's programming were a direct result of the intervention or by chance. Furthermore, a closer look at what services through the CC model produce different outcomes at different magnitudes would help inform future practices by identifying which interventions may be contributing the most towards social‐ecological resiliency (see Miller et al, 2020). For example, the literacy intervention and health intervention were relatively new and not distributed across all communities equally, therefore were not included in this study.…”

“…

The COVID-19 global pandemic highlights the need for integrated solutions to human health, nature conservation, and social justice to restore the integrity of social-ecological systems (Miller, 2020;Miller et al, 2020;Oldekop et al, 2020). Community-based conservation (CBC) offers both opportunities and challenges in addressing the underlying issues across the tropics that lead to pandemics, such as climate change, social and economic inequalities, biodiversity loss, and food insecurity (Critchlow et al, 2017;Laurance, Sayer, & Cassman, 2014;Otto et al, 2013).

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